Science UNIT TEST Flashcards
(to study)
A person that has the gene for a trait of the disease but doesn’t show it.
Carrier
The chromosomes that determine sex.
Sex Chromosome
The alleles you inherit.
Genotype
When the heterozygous genotype results in a phenotype where the two alleles are blended together.
incomplete dominance
The macromolecule that has the instructions for making who you are.
DNA
A genotype resulting in from the inheritance of the same alleles from your parents.
Homozygous
The physical trait expressed.
Phenotype
Overshadows the other allele in the heterozygous state.
Dominant
Section of a chromosome that codes for a single protein.
Gene
A genotype resulting from the inheritance of two different alleles from your parents.
Heterozygous
Genes that travel on the X chromosome.
Sex-linked
Only expressed in the homozygous state.
Recessive
Chromosomes 1-44 in a human.
Autosome
When the heterozygous genotype results in a phenotype where both alleles are fully and separately expressed.
codominance
A version of a gene.
Allele
Why are men never heterozygous for an x-linked trait
The trait carried on the x chromosome and males will have only 1 x chromosome
Why must men always inherit an x-linked trait from their mother
Because they will only inherit a Y from their dad and the trait is carried on the x
Can a colorblind pass this allele on to his sons
No, because he can only give his son a Y, and the trait is carried on the x
Can a normal male ever have a daughter that is colorblind
No because she would have to get a gene for the trait from both parents
Homozygous for the “B” allele
I^B, I^B
Heterozygous for the “A” allele
I^A, i
Type O
ii
Type “A” and had a Type “O” parent
I^A i
Type AB
I^A, I^B
Advantages of Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction allows for more diversity from the genetics of two parents
Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction
More time and energy to find mates
Advantages of Asexual Reproduction
Allows for rapid population growth
Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction
One mutation in the parent can affect all offspring
