science unit A

Question 1

Living things of the same kind that are able to reproduce successfully

Answer 1

species

Question 2

The variety of species and ecosystems on earth and the ecological processes of which they are a part

Answer 2

Biological Diversity

Question 3

a particular environment where living things interact

Answer 3

Ecosystem

Question 4

group of individuals of the same species living in an area

Answer 4

Population

Question 5

A group of populations of different species living in the same area

Answer 5

Community

Question 6

The relationship between two different species

Answer 6

Symbiosis

Question 7

relationship between species, one benefits, other doesn’t benefit or get harmed.

Answer 7

Commensalism

Question 8

Both species benefit

Answer 8

Mutualism

Question 9

one specie benefit, other is harmed

Answer 9

Parasitism

Question 10

multiple species using the same resources

Answer 10

Interspecies competition

Question 11

role of an organism in an ecosystem

Answer 11

Niche

Question 12

division of a resource among two of more coexisting species

Answer 12

Resource partitioning

Question 13

variation within a species

Answer 13

Variability

Question 14

process where the environment selects which individuals will survive and reproduce

Answer 14

Natural selection

Question 15

characteristics transmitted from generation to generation

Answer 15

heritable characteristics

Question 16

characteristics caused by the environment

Answer 16

non-heritable characteristics

Question 17

variation in a heritable characteristic such as being albino

Answer 17

discrete variation

Question 18

variation in a heritable characteristic that falls within a range, such as height

Answer 18

Continuous variation

Question 19

reproduction without fusion of sex cells resulting in identical offspring

Answer 19

Asexual variation

Question 20

A type of asexual reproduction in amoebas and other organisms where the cell divides exactly in two

Answer 20

Binary fission

Question 21

type of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth, or bud on the parent

Answer 21

budding

Question 22

cell produced by asexual reproduction in certain organisms such as ferns which can develop directly into adults

Answer 22

spores

Question 23

type of asexual reproduction in plants that does not involve the formation of a seed

Answer 23

Vegetative reproduction

Question 24

reproduction involving the exchange of genetic material between two individuals resulting in an offspring genetically different from the parents

Answer 24

sexual reproduction

Question 25

a sex cell, either female or male that can unite with another to form a fertilized call

Answer 25

gametes

Question 26

the union of female and male sex calls

Answer 26

fertilization

Question 27

a fertilized egg

Answer 27

zygote

Question 28

the first division of a fertilized egg

Answer 28

cleavage

Question 29

an undeveloped organism in its beginning stages

Answer 29

embryo

Question 30

the transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another

Answer 30

cross-pollination

Question 31

the joining of a gamete from a pollen grain and a gamete from an ovule to form a zygote

Answer 31

cross fertilization

Question 32

deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material found mainly in the nuclei of cells of living organisms

Answer 32

DNA

Question 33

arrangement of four chemicals "letters" on a chromosome, which determines a specific characteristic of an organism

Answer 33

Genetic code

Question 34

a structure in which DNA is arranged and along which genes are located

Answer 34

Chromosomes

Question 35

a category in the classification of living things, more general than a species, but more specific than a family

Answer 35

gene

Question 36

a possible form of a gene

Answer 36

alleles

Question 37

a type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells from the one parent cell

Answer 37

mitosis

Question 38

a type of call division that produces four sex cells from one parent cell

Answer 38

meiosis

Question 39

a characteristic of an organism

Answer 39

trait

Question 40

referring to a plant or animal that has ancestors all with the same form of a trait

Answer 40

purebred

Question 41

an organism produced by crossing two identical purebred from different forms of a trait

Answer 41

hybrid

Question 42

the outward form observed when two opposite acting alleles are inherited

Answer 42

dominant trait

Question 43

the outward form observed only when two same acting non dominant alleles are inherited

Answer 43

recessive trait

Question 44

a pattern of inheritance seen when two different alleles are present at the same gene location, nut neither is dominant

Answer 44

incomplete dominance

Question 45

no longer in existence on the planet

Answer 45

extinction

Question 46

extinction of an organism from a specific region

Answer 46

extirpation

Question 47

species have adapted to a small set of environmental conditions, which leaves it vulnerable to extinction

Answer 47

overspecialization

Question 48

breeding by humans of plants and animals with desirable traits to produce offspring with those desirable traits

Answer 48

artificial selection

Answer 49

biotechnology