science unit 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is electrical current

A

The rate of flow of electrons in a circuit

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2
Q

SI unit of electrical current

A

Ampere (A)

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3
Q

what is e.m.f.

A

Work done by the source in driving a unit charge around a complete circuit

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4
Q

SI unit of e.m.f.

A

volt (v)

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5
Q

what is potential difference

A

a measure of the amount of energy that is changed into other forms of energy when a unit of charge passes between these 2 points

The work done to drive a unit charge across an electrical component

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6
Q

what is resistance

A

ratio of the potential difference across it to the current flowing through it

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7
Q

properties of resistance

A

The higher the resistance in a circuit, the higher the potential difference needed to move electric charge through the component
R=V/I (V=voltage I=current)
SI unit: Ohm
The greater the ratio of V to I, the greater the resistance
The greater the resistance in a circuit, the lower the current

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8
Q

series circuit properties

A

Each component is joined one after the other to form a single path. The current that flows through each of the components is the same.
If one bulb is removed or broken, no current flows, and the other bulbs do not light up because the circuit is now open.
Current is same throughout the circuit
V1 +V2 …..Vn
Component with the largest resistance has the highest voltage
R=R1 +R2……Rn

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9
Q

parallel circuit properties

A

The current from the battery divides and flows through each branch.
If one bulb is removed or broken, the other bulbs remain lit because the circuit remains
I=I1+I2+…..In
Branch with the least resistance will have the largest current flowing through it
resistance is the same throughout

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10
Q

effect of current

A

heating effect
magnetic effect
chemical effect

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11
Q

electric power

A
SI unit of power : watt (W).
1kw= 1000w
Energy consumed (in kwh)= Power (in kW) x Time (in hours)
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