Science - Unit 5 topic 1-2 quiz Flashcards
____ of Earth’s water is _____
- 97%
- Salt water
Why can’t life exist without water?
Because our producers need water to photosynthesis. Water meets basic human needs.
Less than ____ is _____
- 3%
- Fresh water
What is the water cycle?
Evaporation
Transpiration
Condensation
Precipitation
Run-off
Ground water
What is the distribution of water and their percents?
Ground water - 0.63%
Oceans and seas - 97%
Rivers, Lakes, Ponds - 0.02%
Glaciers and ice sheets - 2.15%
What is the difference between water quality and water quantity?
Quality - take good care of something/usable/efficient
ex/ clear, clean, taste, smell, colour
Quantity - the amount of something
What are ways we need to manage our water in Canada?
Conserve water
Agriculture
Business
How are we using it
Prevent illness
Monitor quantity and quality
About ___ to ____ of your body is made out of water. Can this change?
- 60-70%
- It can change from
illness
Sweaty
Dehydration
Growing up
About ____ of Earth’s precipitation falls into the ____
- 78%
- Oceans
Define glacier and ice cap
Glacier - moving mass of ice and snow
Ice cap - glacier that covers flat area of land
What is the % of how much of Earth’s fresh water is LOCKED up in ice?
77%
Define ice field
Ice field - upland area of ice that feeds into two or more glaciers
The columbia ice field is so large it _______
Creates its own weather system
How much snow must accumulate for snow to turn into glacial ice?
30 m of snow must accumulate. There would be a lot of pressure that would need to happen in order for this to work
How do glaciers form?
Glaciers begin as snow. Snowflakes then accumulate, gradually becoming grains, ice crystals, then finally, ice
What is the difference between a valley glacier and a continental glacier?
Valley glacier - forms on a valley
ex/ athabasca glacier - cut through and formed the valley jasper is located in
Continental glacier - huge mass of ice and snow that resembles a continent
ex/ antarctica, greenland
What is the difference between and icefall and crevasse?
Ice fall - Glacier flows over steep cliff, and breaks up; ice fall occurs
Crevasse - Fissure or crack in the ice
How can glaciers advance forward and retreat back?
Advance forward - when there is lots of snow and percipitation. Gravity pulls glacier downward so they can be stretched thin when melting
Retreat back - often during warmer temperatures - melt
How is pack ice different than icebergs?
Ice bergs are large chunks ice that break off from a continental glacier
Pack ice - thin sheet of ice formed by freezing ocean water
Define erosion
When earthen materials are worn away and transported by natural forces.
ex/ wind, water, gravity, glaciers
Define moraine
Large ridge of material left over from a glacier
Define striation
Marks are left behind when bedrock is gauged by rock fragments
Define arete
Two or more glaciers erode a mountain summit from several directions
Define cirque
Valley glaciers erode bowl-shaped basins in the side of the mountain
Define horn
Sharpened peak
Define deposition
When sediment is dropped off or left behind
Define till
Mixture of different sized sediments
Define erratic
Glaciers pick up and deposit huge rock fragments
Define outwash
Material deposit by the meltwater from the glacier
Define esker
When a glacier melts, a winding ridge of sand and gravel is left behind
Define meltwater
Water formed by melting of snow and ice
Define millwell
Meltwater streams form the millwells as they plunge into glacier ice
