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Science Unit 3 (mitosis/meiosis) > Science Unit 3 > Flashcards

Science Unit 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the name of the structure that connets two sister chromatid

A

centromere

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2
Q

last step of cell division

A

cytokinesis

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3
Q

how many cells are produced at the end of mitosis

A

2

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4
Q

mitosis only occurs in this type of cell…

A

body cells

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5
Q

chromosomes reach the poles in this phase

A

telophase

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6
Q

the cleavage furrow appears splitting the cell in two during this phase

A

telophase

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7
Q

the number of cells produced during meiosis…

A

4

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8
Q

_____ cells have homologous pairs of chromosomes

A

diploid

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9
Q

another name for sex cells

A

gametes

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10
Q

the threadlike DNA in the nucleus is called

A

chromatin

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11
Q

how many stages are in the cell cycle?

A

3-interphase,mitosis,cytokinesis

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12
Q

____ cells have only one of each pair of chromosomes

A

haploid

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13
Q

what is the purpose of mitosis?

A

to build and repair your body

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14
Q

deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live

A

DNA

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15
Q

the period of the cell cycle during which activities such as cell growth and protein synthesis occur

A

interphase

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16
Q

in a eukaryote cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryote cell, the main ring of DNA

A

chromosomes

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17
Q

in eukaryote cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes

A

mitosis

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18
Q

the life cycle of a cell

A

cell cycle

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19
Q

the division of the cytoplasm of a cell

A

cytokinesis

20
Q

made up of DNA and proteins

A

chromatin

21
Q

a duplicated chromsomes consists of two identical structures

A

chromatid

22
Q

the region of a chromosome to which the microtubes of the spindle attach

A

centromere

23
Q

chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

A

homologous chromosome

24
Q

a process in a cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells

A

meiosis

25
Q

cells with a pair of every chromosome

A

diploid

26
Q

a haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote

A

gametes

27
Q

cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes

A

haploid

28
Q

reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents

A

sexual reproduction

29
Q

reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

A

asexual reproduction

30
Q

the form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes. it is a cell division

A

binary fission

31
Q

a specialized cell that can survive harsh conditions. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes can form these.

A

spore

32
Q

a form of asexual reproduction occuring in plants

A

vegetative reproduction

33
Q

daughter cells are NOT identical to the parent in…

A

meiosis

34
Q

in humans, # of chromosomes parent at the end of meiosis

A

23

35
Q

what is the purpose of meiosis?

A

to produce sex cells

36
Q

a disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth

A

cancer

37
Q

crossing over occurs in…

A

meiosis

38
Q

centrioles appear to move to the opposite side of the cell during…

A

prophase

39
Q

chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane breaks down during

A

prophase

40
Q

two new nuclei are formed. Chromosomes begin to uncoil. Spindle fibers breaks down during…

A

telophase

41
Q

an organism develops tiny buds on its body, it is the result of mitosis

A

spore

42
Q

gametes with different allele combinations

A

resulting cells

43
Q

same genes different alles

A

homologs

44
Q

contains four chromatids and alternative

A

tetrads

45
Q

form of a gene

A

alleles

46
Q

crossing over happens in…

A

prophase

Science Unit 3 (mitosis/meiosis) (1 decks)

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