Science Unit 2 Flashcards
What are the basic functions if all living things?
All living things need energy, respond and adapt to the environment, reproduce, grow, produce wastes.
how are living systems organized?
Systems.
what are the main parts of the microscope?
The eyepiece (ocular lens), the arm, the coarse adjustment knob, the fin adjustment knob, the light source, the diaphragm, the stage, the nose piece.
How do you calculate field of view?
medium power = lower power X magnification of low-
field of view field of view power objective lens
EX.
10 = 5 X 40/20
identify the main parts of an animal cell.
nucleus, vacuoles, cell membrane, cytoplasm.
identify the main parts of an plant cell.
chloroplasts, cytoplasm, vacuoles, nucleus, cell membrane.
what is selectively permeable membrane?
A cell membrane that only allows certain things through.
what is diffusion?
Diffusion happens when particles spread out to where there is more room.
what is osmosis?
Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
what is transpiration?
transpiration is the loss of water through evaporation.
How does a plant transport fluids?
root hairs pull water into the root, then water passes through the cells by osmosis. The xylem tissue transports the water to the stem and leaves.
Describe the levels of cellular organism in a multi-cellular organism.
Cells with the same job are grouped into tissues.
groups of different tissues form organs.
organs work together in systems.
what is the function of the respiratory system?
It exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.
what are the structures of the respiratory system?
The diaphragm, the trachea, the lungs, the bronchi, the bronchiolies, the alveoli, the capillaries.
what is the function of the digestive system?
It breaks down food particles and eliminates waste.
what are the structures of the digestive system?
The oral cavity, the tongue, the liver, the anus, the appendix, the large intestine, the small intestine, the gallbladder, the esophagus, the spleen, the pancreas, the stomach.
what is the function of the nervous system?
controls and co-ordinates body activities. senses internal/external changes.
what are the structures of the nervous system?
the dendrite, the cell body, the myelin sheath, the axon, the synapse, the axon terminals, the bipolar neuron.
what is the function of the excretory system?
regulates blood composition and excretes waste.
what are the structures of the excretory system?
the liver, the kidneys, the bladder.
How do our body systems work together?
our body systems work together to keep our bodies functioning properly. for example the digestive and the excretory systems work together in the way that after the digestive system breaks down food, the excretory system deals with the waste.
how can you keep each of you body systems?
by a healthy diet, getting enough sleep, and enough water. also getting enough exercise.
what disorders are common iin the respiratory system?
bronchitis, lung cancer.
what disorders are common iin the digestive system?
Colon cancer, peptic ulcer
