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Joshua > Science Test T2 2024 > Flashcards

Science Test T2 2024 Flashcards

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1
Q

What materials are required for Respiration?

A

Glucose and oxygen

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the digestive System?

A

To break down Nutrients small enough for the body to absorb and use for energy, growth and cell repair

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3
Q

Why is digestion necessary before absorbtion?

A

So that it breaks it down to be absorbed into the bloodstream

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4
Q

Mechanical VS Chemical digestion

A

Mechanical is when the food is broken down physically. Chemical is when it uses acids to break down the food.

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5
Q

Mouth Function

A

Take in food and mush it into a ball, mix in amylase from salivary glands to break down carbohydrates and starch.

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6
Q

Oesophagus Function

A

The tube that Sends food down into the stomach

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7
Q

Stomach Function

A

Breaks down food into a liquid and produces pepsin to break down proteins

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8
Q

Liver

A

Produces Bile and reduces toxins and regulates body metabolism

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9
Q

Gallbladder

A

Stores bile

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10
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces Lipase which absorbs fat into cells

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11
Q

Small intestine

A

Breaks down food further using Lipase and Bile to absorb nutrients into the blood and moves waste to large intestine

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12
Q

Large intestine

A

Squeezes waste and sends the remaining nutrients to the blood and sends the waste to the rectum

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13
Q

Rectum

A

The holding area for the waste

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14
Q

Anus

A

The exit for waste

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15
Q

Purpose of the respiratory system

A

Moves fresh air into the body while removing the waste air

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16
Q

Nose

A

Takes in air and filters it with its hairs

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17
Q

Trachea

A

Takes air from the nose and moves it into bronchi

18
Q

Bronchus

A

Moves air from the trachea to the bronchiole

19
Q

Bronchiole

A

Moves air into the Alveoli

20
Q

Alveoli

A

Takes in oxygen from the air and puts it into the blood and takes out carbon dioxide and puts it back through the respiratory system.

21
Q

Diaphragm

A

The muscle that helps you breath in and out. Contracts when inhale occurs, relaxes when exhale occurs.

22
Q

Intercostal Muscles

A

Help expand and contract the chest

23
Q

Adaptations of the Alveoli

A

thin 1 cell thick walls (thin) for easy diffusion, Large surface area for maximised diffusion and close to capillaries for easy diffusion.

24
Q

The Mechanism of breathing: inhalation

A

When inhaled, the intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract, the volume in the chest increases and the pressure in the chest decreases meaning air gets sucked into the lumgs

25
Q

The Mechanism of breathing: exhalation

A

Intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax, volume in chest decreases, pressure in chest increases, air is sucked out

26
Q

Purpose of the circulatory sysetm

A

Takes oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste

27
Q

Blood Vessels

A

Move oxygenated blood to cells and remove carbon dioxide

28
Q

Heart

A

Move move unoxygenated blood to the lungs and move oxygenated blood from the lungs to cells around the body.

29
Q

Arteries Vs Veins Vs Capillaries

A

Arteries have thick walls to handle high-pressure oxygenated blood away from the heart, Veins have thinner walls for low-pressure blood to go to the heart, capileries have 1-cell thick walls for easy diffusion in the lungs.

30
Q

Valves

A

Valves when pressure is applied, open and when pressure is decreased, close

31
Q

Waste and nutrient exchange

A

Oxygen enters from the alveoli to high concentration into the capillaries. Carbon dioxide then exits the capillaries.

32
Q

Role of the Excretion System

A

Removes waste products from the body

33
Q

Kidney

A

Remove waste from blood and produce urine

34
Q

Ureter

A

The tube where urine travels down to the bladder

35
Q

Bladder

A

Stores urine until its time to release it

36
Q

Urethra

A

Where urine is released

37
Q

What is Excretion

A

elimination of waste products from the body

38
Q

Lungs and liver in excretion

A

Lungs remove carbon dioxide, liver removes toxins

39
Q

Types of synovial joints

A

Hinge, Ball and socket, Pivurt

40
Q

Agnostic pairs

A

Muscles on big bones work in agnostic (opposite pairs) like biceps bend the elbow and triceps straighten

41
Q
A

Joshua (2 decks)

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