Science TEST on 2/22/23

Question 1

Viscosity

Answer 1

resistance of a liquid flow

Question 2

physical property

Answer 2

characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the composition of the substance
ex. density

Question 3

chemical property

Answer 3

any property that produces a change in the composition of matter
ex. oxygen makes silver rust

Question 4

• low silica content = low viscosity = ____
• gases in magma bubble out gently
  What kind of eruption?

Answer 4

Quiet eruptions

Question 5

• high silica content = high viscosity = explosive eruption
• gases become trapped in magma

Answer 5

Explosive eruptions

Question 6

sand-sized

Answer 6

ash

Question 7

pebble-sized

Answer 7

cinder

Question 8

baseball to car-sized

Answer 8

bombs

Question 9

• pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects

Answer 9

magma chamber

Question 10

• long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to
  Earth’s surface

Answer 10

pipe

Question 11

opening through which molten rock and gas exit a volcano

Answer 11

vent

Question 12

bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano’s central vent

Answer 12

crater

Question 13

3 stages of volcano

Answer 13

active, dormant, extinct

Question 14

a slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself vertically across rock layers

Answer 14

dike

Question 15

a slab of volcanic rock formed when magma squeezes horizontally between rock layers

Answer 15

sill

Question 16

a deposit of hardened magma in a volcano’s pipe

Answer 16

volcanic neck

Question 17

mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust

Answer 17

batholith

Question 18

heated groundwater rises to the surface and collects in a natural pool

Answer 18

hot spring

Question 19

fountain of water and steam that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals

Answer 19

geyser

Question 20

a wide, gently sloping mountain made of layers of lava and formed by quiet eruptions

Answer 20

shield volcano

Question 21

a steep, cone-shaped hill made of ash, cinder, and bombs piled around a volcano’s opening

Answer 21

cinder cone

Question 22

a tall, cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash

Answer 22

composite volcano

Question 23

large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof of a volcano’s magma chamber collapses

Answer 23

caldera

Question 24

substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
- ex. silver, oxygen, and mercury

Answer 24

element

Question 25

substance made when two or more elements chemically combine
- ex. water, salt, sugar

Answer 25

compound

Question 26

the more _______ magma contains, the higher its viscosity

Answer 26

silica

Question 27

weak spot in Earth’s crust where magma comes to the surface

Answer 27

volcano

Question 28

magma that reaches Earth’s surface

Answer 28

lava

Question 29

Ring of Fire

Answer 29

volcanic belt around the Pacific Ocean

Question 30

hot spot

Answer 30

area where magma from deep within the mantle rises and melts through the crust

Question 31

place where two plates move apart

Answer 31

divergent boundary

Question 32

place where two plates collide

Answer 32

convergent boundary

Question 33

process by which molten material adds new ocean crust to the ocean floor

Answer 33

sea-floor-spreading

Question 34

an underwater mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced

Answer 34

mid-ocean ridge