science test new

Question 1

Be able to Be able to draw and label a segment of DNA.

Answer 1

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/biolabs1/chapter/dna-structure-and-function/

Question 2

. Know what makes up the backbone and bases.

Answer 2

alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups

Question 3

What is the shape of DNA?

Answer 3

double
helix

Question 4

What are the base pairs (which pairs with which)?

Answer 4

adenine-thymine, adenine-thymine, cytosine-guanine, guanine-cytosine LATER adenine-U

Question 5

What is DNA replication? Why is it important?

Answer 5

DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules . Important for making new cells

Question 6

What is a gene?

Answer 6

. Genes are a portion of DNA that are tasked with making specific proteins that play a critical role in the structure and function of the body.

Question 7

what is protein synthesis

Answer 7

the process in which cells make proteins

Question 8

How is RNA different than DNA?

Answer 8

It has uracil and also has ribose instead of deoxiribose

Question 9

What is the purpose of mRNA?

Answer 9

Messenger RNA molecules carry the genetic information needed to make proteins.

Question 10

What is the purpose of tRNA?

Answer 10

to bring amino acids to the ribosome for protein production

Question 11

What is the function of the ribosome?

Answer 11

s. The ribosome handles translation

Question 11

What are proteins made of?

Answer 11

Amino acids

Question 12

What is a mutation?

Answer 12

Any change in the DNA sequence of a cell.

Question 13

what are the two types of mutations

Answer 13

Germline mutations occur in gametes the other type is in other cells

Question 14

What is a genetic disorder?

Answer 14

when a mutation affects your genes in a bad way.

Question 15

Know what genetic engineering is, and its benefits. What is the ethical debate surrounding genetic engineering?

Answer 15

Genetic engineering aims to modify the genes to enhance the capabilities of the organism beyond what is normal. Ethical controversy surrounds possible use of the both of these technologies in plants, nonhuman animals, and humans.

Question 16

What are GMOs (or Genetically Modified Foods) and how are they created?

Answer 16

GM is a technology that involves inserting DNA into the genome of an organism. new DNA is transferred into plant cells.

Question 17

Know the main arguments for and against GMOs (or Genetically Modified Foods).

Answer 17

Another reason for people opting for genetically engineered foods is that they have an increased shelf life and hence there is less fear of foods getting spoiled quickly. The biggest threat caused by GM foods is that they can have harmful effects on the human body.