Science test lesson 2 Flashcards
hypothalamus
brain region where sensations are regulated. e.g. hunger and thirst
hormones
chemical messengers secreted in the bloodstream
metabolism
chemical reactions that maintain life
cells
exhibit properties of living things e.g. growth
cell membrane
boundary of an animal cell that seperates its internal cytoplasm, nucleus, and other structures from external environment
cytoplasm
fluid in an animal cell
absorption
molecules of food are taken into body from GI tract
sphincters
tight rings of muscle seperating organs of GI tract
accessory organs
salivary glands, lover, gallbladder, pancreas
enzymes
chemicals that act on other chemicals to speed up body processes
esophagus
muscular tube that connects the back of the mouth to stomach
peristalsis
waves of squeezing and pushing contractions that move food in one direction
small intestine
largest portion of GI tract, most digestion and absorption takes place
gallbladder
stores bile and secretes it into the small intestine
bile
fluid produces by liver and stored in gallbladder that emulsifiers fats in the small intestine
pancreas
secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine via pancreatic duct
liver
produces bile and it processes nutrient- rich blood from small intestine
large intestine
cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal
most water is absorbed and feces are formed
peptic ulcer
area of GI tract that has been eroded away by acidic gastric juice
food allergy
inflammatory reaction caused by an immune system hypersensitivity to a protein component of a food
food intolerance
GI symptoms that happens when u eat a particular food
celiac disease
consumption of gluten triggers damage to lining of small intestine
