Science Test Human Systems Flashcards
Digestive System Functions
Break down food and turn it into energy
Digestive System - Esophagus
Brings food and water from your mouth to your stomach
Digestive System - Stomach
A flexible, bag-like organ that contains other enzymes that breaks down food into smaller parts so that the food can be used by the body and turn it into energy
Digestive System - Small intestine
Digestion and absorbtion
Digestive System - Large intestine
Receives digested food that the small intestine did not absorb, it also absorbs water from the remaining waste material
Excretory System Function
Removes solids, liquids, and gases from the body
Excretory System - Rectum
The rectum stores feces until it moves out of the body
Excretory System - Liver
Removes waste from the blood. When they break down the waste, urea forms. Urea is toxic for your body
Excretory System - Kidneys
Removes urea from the body making urine
Excretory System - Bladder
Urine leaves each kidney through a tube, called the ureter, and is stored in a flexible sac, called the bladder
Lymphatic System Function
Removing excess fluid around organs, producing white blood cells, and absorbing and transporting fats.
Lymphatic System - Spleen
The spleen stores blood for an emergency
Lymphatic System - Thymus
The thymus makes white blood cells
spleen makes white blood cells too
Respiratory System Function
Exchanges gases between the body and the environment
Respiratory System - Pharynx
When you inhale, air enters the nostrils and passes through the pharynx
Respiratory System - Trachea
Air travels from the pharynx to the trachea. The trachea connects the pharynx to the bronchi
Respiratory System - Bronchi
Bronchi divide into smaller tubes that end in tiny groups of cells that look like bunches of grapes. The group of cells are called alveoli
Respiratory System - Alveoli
Alveoli exchange CO2 with oxygen by breathing in and out
Respiratory System - Lungs
Exchange CO2 with Oxygen
Circulatory System Function
It transports nutrients, gases, waste, and other substances throughout the body
Circulatory System - Heart
The heart is made up of muscle cells that constantly contract and relax. Contractions pump your blood out of the heart to the rest of your body
Circulatory System - Arteries
Arteries carry blood away from your heart
Circulatory System - Veins
Veins transports blood that contains CO2 back to your heart
Circulatory System - Capillaries
Oxygen and nutrients can travel through the capillaries to the organs and tissues
Skeletal System
The Skeletal system protects our bodies from harmful substances and infection
Two types of Diseases
Infectious and Noninfectious: AIDS is infectious and Cancer is noninfectious
Line of Defense Number 1: Skin and Mucus
Skin and Mucus prevent toxins and other substances from entering the body. Mucus is a thick, gel-like substance in the nostrils and lungs. Mucus traps harmful substances and prevents them from entering your body
Line of Defense Number 2: Immune response
In immune response, white blood cells attack and destroy harmful substances
Line of Defense Number 3: Vaccines
Vaccines are used to help the body develop antibodies against infectious diseases (COVID-19)
