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Flash Cards > Science Test Ecology 9th > Flashcards

Science Test Ecology 9th Flashcards

1
Q

Sustainability

A

a balance between Earths resources, human needs, and the needs of other spieces

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2
Q

Carbon footprint

A

the amount of carbon emitted and its environmental impact

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3
Q

Renewable resources

A

resources that are produced or replenished more quickly than they are consumed

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4
Q

Examples of renewable resources

A

oxygen, wood, sunlight, and wind

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5
Q

nonrenewable resources

A

resources that are consumed and used more quickly than they are created

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6
Q

examples of nonrenewable resources

A

fossil fuels, metal, plastic

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7
Q

role of technology

A

technology both contribute to the air, water, and land pollution and provides clean energy, waste management, and pollution cleanup

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8
Q

agricultural technology goal

A

increase food productivity

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9
Q

pros for agricultural tech goal

A

contour farming, fertilizer, irrigation systems, and farm machinery

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10
Q

cons for agricultural tech goal

A

fertilizers create excess nitrogen, alters the soil. Farm machinery runs of fossil fuels, polluting the air

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11
Q

alternative energy technology goal

A

to provide cleans energy to power society without negatively influencing the atmosphere

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12
Q

pros for alternative energy for technology

A

decreases the burning of fossil fuels, using renewable resources, like sunlight

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13
Q

cons for alternative energy technology

A

expensive, nuclear energy creates radioactive waste

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14
Q

industrial technology goal

A

increase manufacturing efficiency, transportation, and communication

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15
Q

pros for industrial technology

A

improved communication, faster transportation, and cheaper industries

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16
Q

cons for industrial technology

A

creation of CFC’s from foam packing material and refrigerant, CFC’s deplete the ozone layer, burning fossil fuels, acid rain

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17
Q

greenhouse effect

A

the normal warming when gasses trap heat in the atmosphere

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18
Q

greenhouse gases

A

CO2, O2, H2O, CH4, trap heat and maintain earth temperature

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19
Q

global warming

A

CFC’s deplete the ozone layer , allowing more of the suns UV rays to get in

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20
Q

key contributor

A

burning of fossil fuels

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21
Q

process of burning fossil fuels (key contributor)

A

combustion releases extra CO2 into the atmosphere, increases the amount of greenhouse gases, increases earths overall temperature

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22
Q

biodiversity

A

the total amount of variation life on Earth

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23
Q

how do humans threaten biodiversity

A

habitat destruction and fragmentation, pollution, invasion of species, non-native species

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24
Q

ecological succession

A

the process of ecological in an ecosystem where one community is replaced by another community over time

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25
Q

what are the 2 types of succession

A

primary and secondary

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26
Q

primary succession

A

formation of a brand new ecosystem

27
Q

example for a habitat primary succession can occur

A

exposed rock, melted ice, and eroded sand

28
Q

pioneer species

A

the first organisms to grow in a new environment

29
Q

example of pioneer species in primary succession

A

lichens and moss

30
Q

what happens over a period of time for the primary pioneer species

A

they decompose and release nutrients to form a layer of soil that larger plants can grow in

31
Q

what happens after soil has been generated for nutrients

A

small plants, flowers, shrubs, and ferns can begin to grow

32
Q

what happens after a new plant moves in during primary pioneer species

A

animals can move in

33
Q

climax community

A

a mature and stable community of plants and animals

34
Q

when does climax community happen

A

end of succession

35
Q

secondary succession

A

recovery of an old ecosystem

36
Q

examples of why secondary succession can happen

A

fire, farming, hurricane, etc

37
Q

examples secondary pioneer species

A

weeds and grasses

38
Q

why do weeds and grasses grow during secondary pioneer species

A

they are smaller which makes them more quickly to grow and will proceed until climax community is reached

39
Q

stable ecosystem

A

one that remains relatively constant, with predictable changes

40
Q

habitat

A

the actual area in the ecosystem where an organism lives, including all of its abiotic and biotic resources

41
Q

niche

A

all of the things an organism needs and does within its habitat

42
Q

predation

A

short-term interaction and not necessarily a relationship

43
Q

example of predation

A

one animal kills and eats another for food

44
Q

predator

A

organisms hunting/killing another for food

45
Q

prey

A

organisms killed/consumed as food

46
Q

what does a predator/prey graph show

A

shows the cycling of the populations in response to each other over time

47
Q

keystone species

A

a species that holds the ecosystem together, it is critical for the survival of the other species in the ecosystem

48
Q

example of keystone species

A

predator

49
Q

competition

A

a relationship that exists between two or more organisms that are fighting for the same limited resource

50
Q

what are the 2 ways competition can come

A

interspecific and intraspecific

51
Q

interspecific

A

where a competition is occurring between different species

52
Q

example of interspecific

A

lion and tiger fighting for wilderness

53
Q

intraspecific

A

where competition is occurring within the different species

54
Q

example of intraspecific

A

tiger and tiger fighting for a mate

55
Q

competitive exclusion principle

A

no 2 organisms can occupy the same niche at the same time

56
Q

example of competitive exclusion principle

A

lion king

57
Q

symbiosis

A

any interaction that involves a close, physical, long term relationship between 2 species

58
Q

what happens to species during symbiosis

A

one species always benefits (interspecific)

59
Q

parasitism

A

one organism (parasite) benefits from the relationship, while the other organism (the host) is harmed

60
Q

example of parasitism

A

a tick on a dog

61
Q

what is crucial in a parasitic relationship

A

the parasite not kill the host

62
Q

commensalism

A

one organism is benefited while the other is unaffected

63
Q

example of commensalism

A

barnacles on mussels

64
Q

mutualism

A

both organisms involved benefit (both survive)

Flash Cards (3 decks)

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