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Physical Science > science test chapter 6 > Flashcards

science test chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is static electricity?

A

a buildup of excess electric charge

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2
Q

What exerts the force that causes other electric charges to move?

A

the electric field

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3
Q

The law of conservation of charge states that _____.

A

electric charge is not created or destroyed

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4
Q

Elements that are shiny and good conductors of electricity are _____.

A

Metals

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5
Q

The negatively charged particles in an atom are called _____.

A

electrons

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6
Q

Positive charges flow from _____.

A

high-voltage areas to low-voltage areas

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7
Q

______ is related to the push that causes charges to move.

A

voltage difference

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8
Q

A(n) _____ is a closed, conducting path.

A

circuit

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9
Q

____ is the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons.

A

Resistance

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10
Q

In which type of circuit does charge have only one loop to flow through?

A

Series

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11
Q

In which type of circuit are there two or more branches for charge to move through?

A

Parallel

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12
Q

What is the standard voltage difference of electrical energy entering homes in the United States?

A

120 V

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13
Q

The purpose of fuses and circuit breakers is to _____.

A

prevent circuits from overheating

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14
Q

The rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy is called _____.

A

electrical power

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15
Q

According to Ohm’s law, as the resistance in a circuit _______, the current _______.

A

increases, decreases

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16
Q

The process of transferring charge by touching is called _______.

A

charging by contact

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17
Q

Electric current in a circuit is measured in _______.

A

Amperes

18
Q

Why are metals good conductors of electricity?

A

Outer-level electrons are weakly held.

19
Q

What is the current in a circuit if the voltage difference is 15 V and the resistance is 15 Ω?

A

1.0A

20
Q

Which of these is necessary in order to make an electric circuit?

A

a closed path

21
Q

The electrical energy used in your house is usually measured in units of _____.

A

kilowatt hours

22
Q

When one lightbulb in a string of bulbs wired as a series circuit burns out, _____.

A

all the lights go out

23
Q

Electrical devices have resistance because they _______.

A

convert some electrical energy into thermal energy

24
Q

Which of the following statements about electrical charge is true?

A

Electrical forces act at a distance.

25
Q

Static Charge

A

the buildup of electric charge on an object

26
Q

Law of Conservation of Charge

A

charge can be transferred, but not created or destroyed

27
Q

Electric Field

A

a region of force around an electric charge within which other charges are attracted or repelled

28
Q

Conductor

A

a material in which electrons are able to move easily

29
Q

Insulator

A

a material in which electrons are not able to move easily

30
Q

Charging by Contact

A

the process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing

31
Q

Charging by Induction

A

electrons on a neutral object are moved by a charged object

32
Q

Electroscope

A

a device that detects electric charge

33
Q

Electric Current

A

Rate of movement of electric charges

34
Q

Voltage Difference

A

The force that causes electric charges to flow

35
Q

Electric Circuit

A

a closed path that electric current follows

36
Q

Resistance

A

Tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons

37
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

Current in a circuit equals voltage difference divided by resistance

38
Q

Series Circuit

A

circuit in which the current has only one loop to flow through

39
Q

Parallel Circuit

A

circuit in which the current has two or more branches to flow through

40
Q

Electrical Power

A

the rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy

Physical Science (4 decks)

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