Science test ch 5.3 Flashcards
This enters the terrestrial ecosystem as sunlight and is transferred through the trophic levels.
Energy
Each step in a food chain or food web; describes how an organism gets its energy.
Trophic Level
Producers, Consumers
3 Main Trophic Levels
An organism that can make its own food by using energy from the sun
Producer
An organism that gets energy by eating other organisms; a trophic
Consumer
Consumers that eat only plants; are also known as primary consumers and 1st order heterotrophs.
Herbivores
Consumers that eat only animals; meat eaters.
Carnivores
Consumers eat both plants and animals.
omnivores
Herbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores
3 Types of Consumers
Organisms that get energy by eating dead things; ex) mushrooms, insects, worms, and bacteria.
Decomposers
A diagram that shows one path of a series of organisms that eat other organisms.
Food chain
A diagram is made up of many food chains in an ecosystem. They overlap and connect with one another to show feeding relationships.
Food web
Organisms that eat the producer’s level of trophic level.
Primary consumers
Organisms that eats the first trophic level (primary) consumers.
Secondary consumers
Carnivores that eat secondary consumers.
tertiary consumers
A diagram in the shape of a pyramid that shows energy moving from one trophic level to the next up the pyramid and the energy available.
Energy Pyramid
All living or once living parts of an ecosystem.
Biotic Factors
Non-living parts of an environment
Abiotic factors
The process used by autotrophs to make food energy from the sun; 6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Photosynthesis
The process that releases energy from food (glucose/carbohydrates) in the presence of oxygen; C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy (ATP).
Cellular respiration
An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy, ex) plants.
Autotrophs
Models that show how energy flows through ecosystems; may also represent numbers of organisms or biomass at each trophic level.
Ecological pyramid
Can not make their own food; they feed off of other organisms.
Heterotrophs
On average, only 10% of energy transfers to the next trophic level (the rest of the energy was used by the organism and/or turned to heat).
10% Rule
