Science Test (Cells)

Question 1

What is the order of complex organisms (Zebra)

Answer 1

Molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism.

Question 2

What is the smallest unit of life?

Answer 2

The cell is the smallest unit of life it can divide, multiply, grow, everything living is made of cells.

Question 3

What are the 3 parts of the cell theory? (britannica research)

Answer 3

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells, A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms, All cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Question 4

What are the two major differences between plant and animal cells? (research and tour de-cell)

Answer 4

Plant cells have a cell wall, and have little things called chloroplasts that create chlorophyll, a chemical that plays an important role in photosynthesis, whereas animal cells do not have a cell wall, and also do not have chloroplasts. Another difference between plant and animal cells is that plant cells have one large vacuole, and animal cells have multiple little vacuoles.

Question 5

What are organelles? (tour de-cell)

Answer 5

Organelles are small things that are found inside of many cells. Organelles help the cells do their jobs.

Question 6

What are the three types of blood cells in the human body? (tour de-cell)

Answer 6

White blood cells (erythrocytes) part of the immune system, red blood cells (leukocytes) carry oxygen throughout the body, and platelets (thrombocytes) help blood clot faster.

Question 7

Where are blood cells made in the human body? (tour de-cell)

Answer 7

Blood cells are made inside of our bones in a substance called bone marrow

Question 8

Name 3 other types of human cells. (tour de-cell)

Answer 8

3 other types of cells: Nerve cells, skin cells, muscle cells

Question 9

What is the function of the Necleus

Answer 9

the control centre in a cell; stores the genetic information that directs all of the cell’s functions.

Question 10

Mitochondrion:

Answer 10

the membrane bound organelle that is the dominant source of energy for the cell (creates ATP)

Question 11

Chloroplast:

Answer 11

A green organelle that is the site of photosynthesis; these in a plant cell absorb sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make food

Question 12

Golgi Body:

Answer 12

The organelle that helps process proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.

Question 13

Vacuoles:

Answer 13

fluid filled compartments used for storing water, waste and nutrients. A plant cell has one, animal cells have multiple smaller ones.

Question 14

Lysosomes:

Answer 14

break down large food particles into smaller ones. They also break down and recycle old cell parts.

Question 15

ER(endoplasmic reticulum):

Answer 15

a maze of passageways that carry proteins from one part of the cell to the other.

Question 16

Cell Membrane:

Answer 16

the part of a cell that surrounds and holds the cell contents together, controls movement of substances in and out of a cell

Question 17

Cell Wall:

Answer 17

the wall in plant cells that surrounds the cell membrane. This wall gives plants a stiff, boxlike shape. Cell walls protect and support plant cells

Question 18

Ribosomes:

Answer 18

factories that produce proteins. The proteins are then shipped to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 19

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? (tour de-cell)

Answer 19

The difference between the prokaryotic cell and the eukaryotic cell is simple. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane and other membrane-bound organelles that perform specific functions in the cell. Prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 20

What three macronutrients are also the building blocks of cells? (tour de-cell)

Answer 20

The three macronutrients are protein, carbohydrates, and fats. These nutrients also help the cell grow and thrive.

Question 21

Eye piece:

Answer 21

This is what you look through and down at the top of the microscope - It is also known as the ocular lens.

Question 22

Body Tube:

Answer 22

This holds the eyepiece in place above the objective lens and is also known as the eyepiece tube

Question 23

Fine focus Knob:

Answer 23

This knob moves the stage up and down, but at a much slower pace and helps focus the image on higher magnifications.

Question 24

Coarse focus Knob:

Answer 24

This is the large knob on a microscope and moves the stage up and down.

Question 25

Arm:

Answer 25

This connects to the base of the microscope and supports the microscope head. We should also carry a microscope around by holding this.

Question 26

Clips:

Answer 26

These help secure a slide in place and stop a slide moving around on the stage.

Question 27

Base:

Answer 27

This is the bottom of a microscope and is used as structural support for the microscope so it does not fall over.

Question 28

Objective Lens:

Answer 28

These are the primary optical lenses on a microscope and range from 4x-100x in magnification.

Question 29

Stage:

Answer 29

This is where the specimen to be viewed is placed.

Question 30

Mirror:

Answer 30

This helps concentrate light on the specimen only and to ensure that the surroundings are relatively dark.

Question 31

Prophase:

Answer 31

In early prophase, the centrioles which have divided, form asters and move apart. The nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate.

Question 32

In late prophase:

Answer 32

In late prophase, the centrioles and asters are at opposite poles. The nucleolus and nuclear membrane have almost completely disappeared.

Question 33

Metaphase:

Answer 33

In metaphase, the double chromosomes attach to spindle fibers and meet in the middle of the cell

Question 34

Anaphase:

Answer 34

in early anaphase, the centromeres split. Half the chromosomes move to one pole, half to the other pole.

Question 35

late anaphase,

Answer 35

the chromosomes have almost reached their respective poles. The cell membrane begins to pinch at the center.

Question 36

Telophase:

Answer 36

the cell membrane completes construction. Nuclear membranes form around the separated chromosomes.

Question 37

At mitosis completion,

Answer 37

there are two cells (daughter cells) with the same structures and number of chromosomes as the parent cell.