Science Test Flashcards
3 subatomic particles are…..
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What Are 3 facts about protons
Positive charge
1 a.m.u.
In nucleus
What are 3 facts about neutrons
Neutral or no charge
2 a.m.u.
In nucleus
What are 3 facts about electrons
Negative charge
Insignificant charge
Orbiting nucleus in shells
What’s a period
A horizontal row in the periodic table. All element s in the same row have the same number of shells for there electrons to orbit.
What is a group/family
The vertical lines in the periodic table. All elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons. It also tells us what kind of ion it will form
What’s the importance of groups and periods.
They are important because they help organize the elements into similar families which helps us be able to predict what elements will bond and react with other elements.
What’s an isotope
When a atom gains or loses neutrons.
Cation
A positively charged metal that looses electrons to become stable.
Anion
A negatively charged non metal that gains electrons to become stable
Explain how fluorine is more reactive then bromine.
Fluorine is more reactive then bromine because it takes less energy for fluorine to gain one electron. This is because fluorine has less shells that get in the way of its positive nucleus from attracting one electron.
Explain how cesium is more reactive then sodium.
Cesium is more reactive then sodium because it has more shells in the way of the nucleus from attracting the valence electron. Becuase of this cesium so one electron can easily move away and react with other atoms.
How are chemical bonds formed
When an atom gains or looses electrons to fill its outer shell.
Neutral =
+=-
Stable=
Valence shell is full
Explain how ionic compounds are formed
Ionic compounds are formed when a metal cation and a non metal anion are attracted because of their opposite charges and Bond together held by their attraction.
nacl
How are Molecular compounds formed
When 2 non metals are joined by a covalent bond (sharing of their electrons)to form a bond to fill valence shells.
H2O
Electrolyte
A substance that when dissolved in water forms a solution containing electricity.
Binary
2 elements
Diatomic molecules
Are molecules formed by elements that always travel in pairs when alone.
H O F Br I N Cl
WHMIS
Workplace hazardous materials information system
2 characteristics of a ionic compound
High melting point
Contain electricity
2 characteristics of a molecular compound
Low melting point
No electricity
What is the left side of a equation called
Reactants
What is the right side of an equation called
Product
Classical system includes…….
Suffixes like ic and ous that determine charge of transition metals
Stock system includes…..
Why is it better?
Uses Roman numerals to show charge
No memorization
Why do we still need to know the classical system
Because some medicine still use the suffixes on their labels and we want to know what we are taking
3 parts of the WHMIS legislation
All controlled products must have labels in French and English
All controlled products must come with a material safety data sheet
Any person working with controlled products must complete an educational program provided by employer
Abbreviation for a solution
Aq
Symptoms of low iron levels
Weakness, fatigue and pale skin
When do you use crossover method
With ionic compounds
When do you’d use prefixes
With molecular compounds
When do you need to check before you multiply
When dealing with transition metals
What was lavoisier’s law Called and what does it mean?
Lavoisier’s law is Called the law of conservation of mass
During a chemical reaction the total mass of the reacting substances is always equal to the total mass of the products.
Mass before = mass after
