Science Test Flashcards
3 subatomic particles are…..
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What Are 3 facts about protons
Positive charge
1 a.m.u.
In nucleus
What are 3 facts about neutrons
Neutral or no charge
2 a.m.u.
In nucleus
What are 3 facts about electrons
Negative charge
Insignificant charge
Orbiting nucleus in shells
What’s a period
A horizontal row in the periodic table. All element s in the same row have the same number of shells for there electrons to orbit.
What is a group/family
The vertical lines in the periodic table. All elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons. It also tells us what kind of ion it will form
What’s the importance of groups and periods.
They are important because they help organize the elements into similar families which helps us be able to predict what elements will bond and react with other elements.
What’s an isotope
When a atom gains or loses neutrons.
Cation
A positively charged metal that looses electrons to become stable.
Anion
A negatively charged non metal that gains electrons to become stable
Explain how fluorine is more reactive then bromine.
Fluorine is more reactive then bromine because it takes less energy for fluorine to gain one electron. This is because fluorine has less shells that get in the way of its positive nucleus from attracting one electron.
Explain how cesium is more reactive then sodium.
Cesium is more reactive then sodium because it has more shells in the way of the nucleus from attracting the valence electron. Becuase of this cesium so one electron can easily move away and react with other atoms.
How are chemical bonds formed
When an atom gains or looses electrons to fill its outer shell.
Neutral =
+=-
Stable=
Valence shell is full
