Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science Cycle Test 3 2024 > Science Test > Flashcards

Science Test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

nucleus

A

contains genetic info in the form of dna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ribosomes

A

where new proteins are made (photosynthesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell. site of cellular respiration (energy released)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cytoplasm

A

site of many chemical reactions (jelly-like)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cell membrane

A

controls entry/exit of substances from cell (lipid bilayer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chemical Reactions are controlled by

A

enzymes (biological catalysts) - speed up chemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Specialised Animal Cells

A

muscle cells, skin cells, nerve cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

animal and plant cells are

A

eukaryotic and multicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cell wall

A

provides support and protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vacuole

A

large, central, fluid filled vacuole is a storage organ - contains cell sap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

chloroplasts

A

site of photosynthesis, contains green pigment chlorophyll - absorbs light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

specialised plant cells

A

palisade cell, root hair cell, guard cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

transport/modify substances - at transport system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Eukaryotic

A
  • true nucleus
  • membrane found organelles
  • animals and plants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cells are the

A

smallest unit of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

organelles are

A

mini organ structures found inside cells - subcellular structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Root Hair Cell

A

Specialised, large SA, absorb more H20 and mineral ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Prokaryotic

A
  • no true nucleus
  • no membrane found organelles
  • bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

exothermic (cellular respiration)

A

energy is released from reaction to surroundings. As a result, surroundings get hotter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

endothermic (photosynthesis)

A

energy is absorbed from the surroundings into reaction. Surrounding get colder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How, where do plants make their food

A

through photosynthesis and in chloroplasts. glucose is food for the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cellular respiration equation?

A

oxygen + glucose - carbon dioxidde + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Photosynthesis equation?

A

water + carbon dioxide - glucose + oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Photosynthesis number equation?

A

6H20 + 6CO2 - C6H1206 + 6O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Autotrophs

A

trap lightAndn convert it into chemical energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

water and carbon dioxide are the

A

reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Heterotrophs

A

organisms that can’t make their own food are heterotrophs and rely on on producers for all their energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Glucose and oxygen are the

A

products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the leaf function

A

to provide glucose by photosynthesizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

glucose functions?

A

starch storage
Cellular respiration
Cellulose (cell wall )
Amino acids proteins
Fats and oils ( fats - lipids )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

leaves are broad and flat

A

to maximise surface area to achieve maximum light absorbed for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

adaptions are

A

special features that allow it to perform a particular function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

dependent variabke

A

what you measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Independent variable

A

what you change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

controlled variabls

A

what stays the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

stomata are pores/holes located on

A

the underside of the leaf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is the function of stoma

A

to allow diffusion in and out of the leaf controlled by guard cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

when openm stoma are

A

turgid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

when closed stoma are

A

flaccid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

stoma close to prevent loss of

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

how does water get in the plant

A

enters via root hair cells
Travels via xylem to leaf
Palisade cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

how does carbon dioxide get in the plant

A

enter via stomata through diffusion on the underside of the keaf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

how does glucose get out the plant

A

transported via phloem to wherever needed e.g. Cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

how does oxygen get out the plant

A

diffuse out of stomata
Or used in cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

sunlight is the

A

ultimate energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

why is chlorophyll green?

A

plats reflect green wavelengths of light which is not used by plants. Instead they use blue + red wavelengths of light for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Why do we put the 6 in front in the equation?

A

to balance it out

45
Q

what is the upper Epidermis

A

a single layer of cells with no chloroplast. It is transparent to let through to the palisade layer

46
Q

what is the waxy cuticle

A

a waterproof layer that reduces water loss via evaporation

47
Q

what is the lower Epidermis

A

it has no thick cuticle and lots of stomata to allow gases to diffuse in and out of the cell

48
Q

what is the palisade mesophykl

A

palisade cells contain lots of chloroplasts and cells are close to the surface to maximise light exposure.most photosynthesis occurs here

49
Q

what is the spongy mesophykk

A

cells with lots of air spaces around to allow gases to diffuse. Gas exchange occurs here

50
Q

How to know there is starch in a leaf

A

colour change
Iodine turns from orange - blue blanck

51
Q

How to know there isn’t starch in a leaf

A

no colour change - iodine stays orange

52
Q

how to destarch a leaf

A

lack of light - unable to perform photosynthesis - uses starch

53
Q

glucose is a good transport molecule because it is

A

small and soluble

54
Q

starch is a good storage molecule because it doesn’t

A

diffuse around the plant

55
Q

all living things, including plants carry out

A

respiration

56
Q

for respiration, plants need to

A

take in oxygen
Give out co2

57
Q

respiration happens all the time-

A

day and night

58
Q

photosynthesis only take place in

A

the daytime

59
Q

For photosynthesis plants need to

A

take in co2 and
Give out oxygsn

60
Q

O2 and co2 diffuse in had out of the leaves via the

A

stomata

61
Q

Water and co2 are raw

A

materials

62
Q

during the day there is a net production of

A

oxygen

63
Q

during the night there is a net production of

A

Carbon dioxide

64
Q

what are 3 ways substances can be transported

A

diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport

65
Q

gas and liquid particles are

A

fluid oarticles

66
Q

solute

A

what is being dissolved

67
Q

solvent

A

what is doing the dissolving

68
Q

solution

A

solvent dissolves solute ( mixture )

69
Q

dissolving is not a chem reaction, it is a

A

physical change

70
Q

a dilute solution has

A

more solvent relative to solute

71
Q

a concentrated solution has

A

more solute relative to solvejt

72
Q

factors that affect the rate of diffusion

A

temperature
Distance
Concentration difference

73
Q

osmosis occurs in the

A

root hair cell

74
Q

simple unicellular organisms ( bacteria )

A

have a SA:V ratio - they can depend on simple diffusion to gain / rid themselves of substances

75
Q

SA:V

A

surface area to volume ratio

76
Q

complex multicellular organisms

A

have a low SA:V - they cannot depend on simple diffusion. They have mass transport systems

77
Q

diffusion Def

A

diffusion is the net movement of fluid particles from and area of high concentration to and area of low concentration until an equilibrium is met. diffusion is passive, does not require energy

78
Q

osmosis def

A

osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from and area of high concentration to and area of low concentration across a partially permable membrane until and equilibrium is met. Osmosis is passive, it does not require energy

79
Q

exam marks osmosis

A

1) movement of water
2) area if hi - lo con. specify where
3) across partially permable membrane
4) until equilibrium is met
5) because its passive

80
Q

asexual reproduction

A

no fusion of gametes
One parent
Clones
No flowers

81
Q

sexual reproductiob

A

Fusion of gametes
Genetic variation of offspring
Flowering plants
Self pollination or cross pollination

82
Q

fertilisation is

A

the fusion of gametes

83
Q

in a flower, fertilisation occurs in tgr

A

ovary

84
Q

self pollination

A

is where a plant pollinates itself

85
Q

cross pollination

A

its where a plant is pollinated by a different plant

86
Q

pollination

A

transfer of pollen from male anther to female stigma

87
Q

pollination and fertilisation steos

A

1) pollen lands on stigma and pollen tube grows down through style to ovary
2) nucleus of the pollen grain travels down the pollen tube and fertilises the nucleus of ovule
3) fertilised ovule develops into seed
Ovary in to fruit

88
Q

key plant organs

A

flower
Leaf
Roots
Stem

89
Q

stamen _ male

A

anther and filament

90
Q

carpel_ female

A

style stigma and ovary

91
Q

factors that affect the rate of water loss via transpiration

A

temperature
Humidity
Wind
Light intensity

92
Q

why do plants photosynthesise?

A

to make food as they don’t have any other way to vet it

93
Q

seed dispersal is achieved by

A

wind
Animals + humans
By bursting

94
Q

Seeds are dispersed from parent plant to reduce

A

competition for resources e.g. Water light and nutrients

95
Q

sexual reproduction in plants

A

fusion of gametes - pollen ovule
Gametes are produced by meiosis
Offspring genetically different

96
Q

xylem tansports

A

water and salts ( mineral ions)

97
Q

xylem is made of

A

dead cells

98
Q

xylem only transports substances

A

up the plant roots - leaves

99
Q

the xylem is A continuous

A

long hollow tube

100
Q

the xylem functions in

A

support and transport

101
Q

xylem hAve no end walls and are joined

A

end to end

102
Q

xylem walls are strengthened with

A

lignin

103
Q

veins contains the vascular bundle

A

of phloem and xylem

104
Q

sources

A

where sugars are made

105
Q

the phloem has companion cells to

A

provide energy of transport if substances

106
Q

sInks

A

where sugar is uesd

107
Q

the phloem takes

A

dissolved sugars to where needed

108
Q

the phloem is transport

A

only

109
Q

the phloem has sieve tubes between

A

adjacent cells

110
Q

the phloem is made of

A

living cells

111
Q

the phloem transports up and

A

down the plant

112
Q

the phloem is joined

A

end to end

113
Q

phloem end walls have

A

holes

114
Q

phloem has no

A

lignin

Science Cycle Test 3 2024 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions