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SCIENCE TEST Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five functions of the skeletal system

A
  • Give shape and support to the body
  • Protect internal organs
    -Attach to major muscles
    -Form blood cells
  • Store minerals
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2
Q

What is the periosteum

A

A tough rigid membrane that cover the bone

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3
Q

What is the compact bone

A

A solid, strong later of bone under the periosteum

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4
Q

What is spongy bone

A

Small open spaces in the middle of the bone

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5
Q

How many bones are in the human body

A

206

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6
Q

What is the axial skeleton

A

mid-bone bones, ribs, skull, vertebrae

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7
Q

What is the appendicular skeleton

A

arms, letfs, shoulders, and pelvis - 126 bones

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8
Q

What is a joint

A

anyplace where two or more bones ,meet

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9
Q

What is a ligament

A

A tough band of tissue that holds bones together

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10
Q

What is a tendon

A

Connects muscle to bones

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11
Q

What is arthritis

A

Inflammation of the joints

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12
Q

What are muscles

A

An organ that can relax and contact to produce movement- there are 650 of them

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13
Q

What are voluntary muscles

A

muscles that you are able to control

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14
Q

What are involuntary muscles

A

Muscles that you are able to control

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15
Q

What is skeletal muscles

A

Moves bones - most common

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16
Q

What is cardiac muscle

A

Striated with intercalated discs

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17
Q

What is smooth muscle

A

Located in internal organs

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18
Q

What is the epidermis

A

Outermost, thinnest layer of skin composed of dead skin cells that flake off

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19
Q

What is the dermis and what does it contain

A

Middle things layer contains: blood vessels, herves, oil, sweat glands

20
Q

What are subcutaneous fat

A

Insulates the body

21
Q

What are the five functions of the integumentary system

A

-Protection from injury, water loss,and disease
-Sensory response
-Formation of vitamin D
- Regulation of body temperature
- Elimination of wastes through the skin

22
Q

What is a bruise

A

Blood vessels in the dermis burst and leak into surrounding tissue

23
Q

What is Acne

A

Blocked skin follicles

24
Q

What is frostbite

A

Freezing of skin and underlying tissue

25
Q

What does our nervous system do

A

Helps your body adjust to your environment

26
Q

What is a neuron and what are the three types of neurons

A

Information messengers cells that carry impulses - sensory, motor, interneurons

27
Q

What is the central nervous system

A

Comprised of the brain and spinal cord

28
Q

What does the cerebrum do

A

Interpets information

29
Q

What is the brian

A

Coordinates all of your body activities

30
Q

What does the cerebellum do

A

Responsible for interpreting stimuli

31
Q

What does the brainstem do

A

Connects the brain to the spinal cord

32
Q

What is the spinal cord

A

Comprised of bundles of nerve cells that carry impulses

33
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system

A

Connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body

34
Q

What is a concussion

A

Traumatic brain injust that can affect brain function

35
Q

What is the function of the digestive system

A

Digestion is the breaking down of food into nutrients

36
Q

What are the four main digestive organs

A

Mouth, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine

37
Q

What does the saliva do to our food

A

Breaks down chemicals in the food and also moisturizes it making it smaller

38
Q

What does the esophagus do?

A

Moves food through the back of your throat and down into the stomach

39
Q

What two parts does the esophagus connect to

A

your pharynx to your stomach.

40
Q

What does the stomach do

A

Holds the food and mixes it with acid and enzymes

41
Q

What does the small intestine do

A

Breaks down food even more so that your body can absorb all the vitamins

42
Q

What does the large intestine do

A

Absorption of water from the indigestible residue of food

43
Q

What does the pancreas do

A

Makes jucies that help the body digest fats and proteins

44
Q

What does the liver do

A

Filters out harmful substances

45
Q

What type of structure is the appendix

A

muscular structure

46
Q

What are the two types of carbohydrates

A

Sugars and fibers

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