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science test Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two main organs in the nervous system?

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Name two systems the nervous system is made up of.

A

Central and peripheral

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3
Q

What is the central nervous system made up of?

A

The brain and spinal cord

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4
Q

What are neurons?

A

A nerve cell

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5
Q

define the sensory neurons

A

the nerve cells that are activated by sensory input from the environment.

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6
Q

define the motor neurons

A

Motor neurons - the cell that allows us to move and speak.

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7
Q

What are neurotransmitters?

A

Chemical messengers that your body cannot function without.

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8
Q

What is the function of the nervous system?

A

Transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

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9
Q

What is the main organ in the respiratory system?

A

Lungs

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10
Q

How many lobes does the right lung have?

A

3

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11
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2

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12
Q

What is the name of the gas we inhale?

A

Oxygen

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13
Q

What is name of the gas we exhale?

A

Carbon dioxide

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14
Q

What is another name for the larynyx?

A

Voice box

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15
Q

Where does gas exchange take place?

A

Lungs

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16
Q

Explain the pathway of inhalation.

A

Air travels down pharynyx, passes to larynx and into trachea.

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17
Q

Explain the pathway of exhalation.

A

Carbon dioxide goes from capillaries around aveoli then up bronchioles to bronchi then to the trachea

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18
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system?

A

Allows us to breathe

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19
Q

What is the main organ in the circulatory system?

A

Heart

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20
Q

How many chambers does the heart have?

A

Two upper and two lower.

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21
Q

Name the chambers

A

Top two are called the right atrium and left atrium, bottom two are right and left ventricles.

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22
Q

What is the aorta?

A

The largest artery of the body.

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23
Q

hat is the function of the aorta?

A

Carries blood from the heart to the circulatory system

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24
Q

Explain how oxygen is circulated into our cells.

A

Hemoglobin molecules inside red blood cells pick up and carry oxygen.

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25
Q

Explain how carbon dioxide is circulated out of our body.

A

Through exhalation.

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26
Q

hat is the function of the circulatory system?

A

Carries oxygen and nutrients and hormones to cells and removes waste products.

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27
Q

What are the organs in the digestive tract?

A

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines and anus.

28
Q

Where does digestion begin?

A

Mouth

29
Q

What does the mouth produce?

A

Saliva

30
Q

What does saliva produce?

A

Amylase and lipase

31
Q

What does the stomach produce?

A

Enzymes and acids

32
Q

Where does digestion complete?

A

small intestine

33
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

A series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food through the digestive tract

34
Q

What is feces?

A

Waste discharged from bowels

35
Q

Where is feces produced?

A

The large intestines

36
Q

What are the three organs that aid in digestion?

A

Liver, gallbladder, pancreas

37
Q

What does the liver produce?

A

Bile

38
Q

What does the pancreas produce?

A

Enzymes

39
Q

What are the main organs of the urinary system?

A

Kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra

40
Q

What are the main organs of the urinary system?

A

Kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra

41
Q

How is urine excreted through the body?

A

Out of the kidneys through the ureters to be stored in bladder and then through the urethra

42
Q

What does the urinary system produce?

A

Urine

43
Q

What is urine?

A

A watery yellowish fluid that’s stored in the bladder

44
Q

Where does the urinary collect in the urinary system?

A

Bladder

45
Q

What is the function of the urinary system?

A

To filter blood and create urine

46
Q

here does the cleansed blood return to?

A

The heart

47
Q

Where does the waste from the blood enter?

A

Kidney and urinary system

48
Q

The renal artery circulates unfiltered blood to

A

the kidneys.

49
Q

The renal artery circulates unfiltered blood to

A

the kidneys.

50
Q

The renal vein returns the filtered blood to

A

the heart.

51
Q

What is the function of the endocrine system?

A

Releases hormones into the bloodstream

52
Q

What are glands?

A

An organ that makes hormones, digestive juices, etc.

53
Q

What are hormones?

A

Your body’s chemical messengers.

54
Q

What is adrenaline?

A

A hormone secreted by the adrenal glands.

55
Q

What gland is the master gland?

A

The pituitary gland.

56
Q

s the function of the thyroid?

A

Metabolism, growth, and development of the human body.

57
Q

What is the name of the hormone the thyroid produces?

A

Triiodothyronine and thyroxine

58
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A

Creates enzymes to break down food.

59
Q

What is the male hormone?

A

Testosterone

60
Q

What is the female hormone?

A

Estrogen

61
Q

What is the name of the female organ that produces egg cells?

A

Ovary

62
Q

What is the name of the male organ that produces sperm?

A

Testes

63
Q

List the two organ systems that send messages throughout the body? Name the chemical produces by each system that sends the messages throughout the body.

A

Nervous system - neurotransmitters. Endocrine system - hormones

64
Q

List the three organ systems that produce waste in our body. Name the waste produced in each system.

A

Large intestine - feces, liver - bile, and lungs - carbon dioxide

65
Q

Food enters the small intestine to complete digestion, solid waste is removed from the body through the ____ in the form of feces.

A

large intestine

66
Q

Liquid waste is removed from the body through the ___system in the form of ___.

A

renal + urine

spanish test (3 decks)

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