Science Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Absolute zero

A

Lowest temperature possible
0º Kelvin

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2
Q

Acid

A

a chemical substance that neutralizes alkalis, dissolves some metals, and turns litmus red; typically, a corrosive or sour-tasting liquid of this kind.

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3
Q

Acid rain

A

Rain made acidic due to high pollution in the rain

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4
Q

Adrenaline

A

a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands, especially in conditions of stress, increasing rates of blood circulation, breathing, and carbohydrate metabolism and preparing muscles for exertion.

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5
Q

Air mass

A

a body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure.

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6
Q

Algae

A

a simple, nonflowering, and typically aquatic plant of a large group that includes the seaweeds and many single-celled forms. Algae contain chlorophyll but lack true stems, roots, leaves, and vascular tissue.

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7
Q

Alkali

A

a chemical compound that neutralizes or effervesces with acids and turns litmus blue; typically, a caustic or corrosive substance of this kind such as lime or soda.

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8
Q

Alloy

A

a metal made by combining two or more metallic elements, especially to give greater strength or resistance to corrosion.

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9
Q

Alternating current

A

is a type of electrical current, in which the direction of the flow of electrons switches back and forth at regular intervals or cycles.

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10
Q

Amino acid

A

Amino acids are molecules that combine to form proteins

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11
Q

Anemia

A

A condition where the blood does not have the right amount of red blood cells and hemoglobin

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12
Q

Antibody

A

a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances which the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood.

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13
Q

Aorta

A

A major artery that carries oxygenated blood blood away from the heart

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14
Q

Artery

A

A larger blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from heart to organs

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15
Q

Atmosphere

A

the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.

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16
Q

Atom

A

the basic unit of a chemical element.

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17
Q

Bacteria

A

a member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms which have cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease.

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18
Q

Barometer

A

an instrument measuring atmospheric pressure, used especially in forecasting the weather and determining altitude.

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19
Q

Bedrock

A

solid rock underlying loose deposits such as soil or alluvium.

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20
Q

Boiling point

A

the temperature at which a liquid boils and turns to vapor.

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21
Q

Calorie

A

a unit of energy equivalent to the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C (now often defined as equal to 4.1868 joules).

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22
Q

Capillary

A

Very small blood vessels where gas exchange happens, which brings oxygen into the blood

23
Q

Carbohydrates

A

any of a large group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose, containing hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water (2:1) and used as structural materials and for energy storage within living tissues.

24
Q

Catalyst

A

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

25
Q

Chemical formula

A

a mathematical relationship or rule expressed in symbols.

26
Q

Chemical reaction

A

a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as opposed to a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.

27
Q

Chemical symbol

A

Chemical symbols are the abbreviations used in chemistry for chemical elements, functional groups and chemical compounds.

28
Q

Chlorophyll

A

a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis. Its molecule contains a magnesium atom held in a porphyrin ring.

29
Q

Chromosomes

A
30
Q

Circuit

A
31
Q

Colon

A
32
Q

Combustion

A
33
Q

Compound

A
34
Q

Concentration

A
35
Q

Conductor

A
36
Q

Convection

A
37
Q

Crystal

A
38
Q

Density

A
39
Q

Diaphragm

A
40
Q

Diffusion

A
41
Q

Digestion

A
42
Q

Dilute solution

A
43
Q

Dna

A
44
Q

Ductless gland

A
45
Q

Ecology

A
46
Q

Electric charge

A
47
Q

Electromagnetic waves

A
48
Q

Electron

A
49
Q

Electrostatic force

A
50
Q

Element

A
51
Q

Embryo

A
52
Q

Endocrine organ

A
53
Q

Energy

A
54
Q

Enzyme

A