Science Term About Microscope

Question 1

Electron microscope

Answer 1

instrument for viewing very small objects. An electron microscope is much more powerful than a light microscope and can magnify things up to a million times.

Question 2

Monocular

Answer 2

describes a microscope through which the specimen is seen using one eye only

Question 3

Binocular

Answer 3

A microscope with two eyepieces, so you use both eyes to look at the object

Question 4

Magnification

Answer 4

the number of times the image of an object has been enlarged using a lens or lens system. For example, a magnification of two means the object has been enlarged to twice its actual size.

Question 5

Light microscope

Answer 5

Instrument for viewing very small objects. A light microscope can magnify things up to 1500 times.

Question 6

Unicellular

Answer 6

describes an organism having only one cell

Question 7

Multicellular

Answer 7

having many cells. Most plants and animals are multicellular.

Question 8

Micrometer

Answer 8

a length of one millionth of a metre

Question 9

Nanometer

Answer 9

a unit of measurement equal to one billionth of a metre

Question 10

Nanotechnology

Answer 10

a rapidly developing field that includes studying and investigating cells and other objects of the smallest dimensions

Question 11

Prokaryote

Answer 11

the kingdom of organisms that consist of single cells with a nucleus not surrounded by a membrane or a cell wall, commonly called bacteria

Question 12

Eukaryote

Answer 12

member of the group of organisms that has a membrane around the nucleus in each of their cells

Question 13

Cell membrane

Answer 13

structure that encloses the contents of a cell and allows the movement of some materials in and out

Question 14

Cytosol

Answer 14

the fluid found inside cells

Question 15

Ribosomes

Answer 15

small structures within a cell in which proteins such as enzymes are made

Question 16

Cytoplasm

Answer 16

the jelly-like material inside a cell. It contains many organelles such as the nucleus and vacuoles.

Question 17

Metabolism

Answer 17

the chemical reactions occurring within an organism that enable the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells

Question 18

Binary fission

Answer 18

reproduction by the division of an organism (usually a single cell) into two new organisms

Question 19

Animalia

Answer 19

the kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane around the nucleus, but no cell wall, large vacuole or chloroplasts

Question 20

Plantae

Answer 20

the kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane around the nucleus, cell wall, large vacuole and chloroplasts, commonly called plants

Question 21

Fungi

Answer 21

the kingdom of organisms, such as mushrooms and moulds, that help to decompose dead or decaying matter

Question 22

Protoctista

Answer 22

the kingdom of organisms, including algae and protozoans, that do not fit into other groups

Question 23

Prokaryotae

Answer 23

the kingdom of organisms that consist of single cells with a nucleus not surrounded by a membrane or a cell wall, commonly called bacteria

Question 24

Mitochondria

Answer 24

small rod-shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell. They are usually too small to be seen with light microscopes. Singular = mitochondrion.

Question 25

Chloroplasts

Answer 25

oval-shaped organelle found only in plant cells. Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll. They are the ‘factories’ in which carbon dioxide and water are changed by sunlight and water into food by the process of photosynthesis.

Question 26

Cellular respiration

Answer 26

the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

Question 27

Photosynthesis

Answer 27

the food-making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.

Question 28

Chlorophyll

Answer 28

the green-coloured chemical in plants that absorbs the light energy used in photosynthesis to make food from carbon dioxide and water