Science Study Guide Flashcards
What are the two types of reproduction?
Sexual and Asexual reproduction
What is the difference between the two types of reproduction?
What are some advantages and disadvantages of both types of reproduction?
Some advantages for asexual organisms are that they don’t have to find and mate, and they can produce offspring quick. The downside is that all of the offspring have exactly the same genetic make-up as the parent, which can be a problem if the environment changes. Some advantages of sexual reproduction are they can pass on genes with greater chance of genetic variation. This variation may increase their chances of surviving in a changing environment. One downside is that the organism needs to find a mate.
What is it called when a sperm cell joins an egg cell to form a new cell (zygote)?
Fertilization
What happens if an offspring inherits a dominant trait from either parent?
That trait will show up in the offspring.
Explain the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance? Give examples of both.
Incomplete dominance shows the blending of traits codominance results in both alleles being expressed at the same time. An example of incomplete dominance in some species of sheep, gray fleece results from a dominant white-fleece alle and a recessive black allele. An example of Codominance is the Chick-Fil-A cow.
What are some environmental factors that can affect genetic expression?
Exposure to the suns uv rays and certain chemicals in tobacco.
Some traits are acquired and some are inherited. Give examples of both.
An example of an inherited trait is a mouse with white fur and mouse with brown fur have offspring the genes for fur color from each parent are different. An example of an acquired traits are vocal cords.
What are the two stages of plant life cycle and what happens in each stage?
The two stages are the sporophytes and gametophytes. During the sporophyte stage a plant produces the spores that will eventually develop into gametophytes. During the gametophyte stage male and female gametophytes produce sex cells that will eventually be involved in the process of fertilization.
What are the reproductive structures of gymnosperms?
The reproductive structures are cones.
What is the difference in seed dispersal between angiosperms and gymnosperms?
The seeds of gymnosperms are naked which means they are unprotected. Gymnosperms are sticky and when pollen is carried by the wind it goes to the cones. Angiosperms can only be carried by pollinators
What are the pistils of a flower?
The pistils are the female reproductive parts of a flower.
What are the stamens of the flower?
Stamens are the male reproductive parts of a flower.
What are pheromones and how do they affect mating behaviors in animals?
Pheromones are chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species. They affect mating behavior in animals by attracting males.
Explain the reproductive strategy of “parental investment.”
The longer the parent stays with the offspring the higher the chances of survival.
