Science Strand 1 Test Flashcards
What are all living things classified in
5 main groups called kingdoms,usually grouped based on characteristics
What are the 5 kingdoms called
Plant kingdom
Animal kingdom
Fungi kingdom
Bacteria kingdom
Protoctists
What is an intvertebrate
Animals without a backbone
Name one example of an invertebrate
Snakes
What is a vertebrate
Animals with a backbone
Name one example of a vertebrate
Humans
Name the classification system in order from biggest to smallest group
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What do animals fight for
Territory and mated
Why do animals fight for territory
It is vital for food and reproducing
Why do animals fight for mates
Males will often fight with each other to mate with a female
What territory do animals fight for
Nests,places to raise and feed their young
What territory do plants fight for
Space for leaves and roots to grow
Meaning of adaptation
Adaptations are feature or behaviours which enable organisms to survive
How to plants cope with seasons
-grow rapidly when the weather is wet or warm
-lose leaves during winter
-when trees breakdown they reuse nutrients to help the new plant grow
-fallen leaves provide a layer of warmth
How do animals cope with seasons
-hibernation
-migration
-grow thicker fur
-change fur colour
What is the meaning of migration
To move somewhere warmer wetter or for more food
Meaning of variation
-the difference that occurs both between different species and within the same species
What are the two types of variation
-genetic variation
-environmental variation
What is genetic variation
The characteristics which you inherit from your parents
What is environmental variation
The environment in which you live in
Name an example of genetic variation
-hair colour
-eye colour
-skin colour
Name an example of environmental variation
Clothes
Makeup
Skin texture
Scars
Name an example of both genetic and environmental variation
Jaws/teeth
Skin colour
Culture
meaning of discontinuous variation
A whole number and nothing in between and no other possibilities
What type of graph do you plot for discontinuous data
Bar chart
Meaning of continuous variation
Data could be anything including decimals
What type of graph will you display continuous data in
A line graph or histogram
Meaning of survival of the fittest
The ability to survive in their environment,well adapted for the environment
Meaning of natural selection
-Mutations
-competition
-survivors passing on their genes to the next generations
Meaning of speed
How fast something travels in a particular time
How to figure out the average speed
Distance/time
Formula for distance
Speed*time
Formula for distance
Speed*time
Formula for speed
Distance/time
Formula for time
Distance/time
Formula for time
Distance/speed
What does the x-axis represent in a distance time graph
The time
What does the y-axis represent in a distance time graph
The distance
What does a horizontal line represent on a distance time graph
the object is at rest
What does a horizontal line represent on a distance time graph
the object is at rest
What does the line at an angle represent on a distance time graph
The object us moving
What does the line at an angle represent on a distance time graph
The object us moving
What does the gradient of the line represent
A constant speed
What does the steepness of the line represent
The steeper the line,the faster the object is moving
How do you calculate the gradient
Changing in x / changing in y
Or
Rise / run
What does a ticker timer do
A ticker timer uses the mains energy supple and does 50 ticks every second onto a piece of ticker tape
How much time does 1 tick take
1/50th a second = 1 tick
How to find the total distance travelled by ticks
Found by adding the amount of ticks and adding up the time
How can you tell if an object is accelerating from ticks
The ticks slowly spread out as more distance is covered in a shorter time
Metal+water =
Metal hydroxide+hydrogen
What are the group 1 metals
Lithium,sodium,potassium,rubidium and caesium
What happens when lithium reacts with water
Dissolves,gives off a gas and moves in a circular motion in the water
What happens when sodium reacts with water
Dissolves,moves in a spherical motion in the water,very effective
Potassium reacting with water
Pops,explodes,smokes,highly effective reaction
Is carbon a heat conductor
Yes
Is zinc a heat conductor
Yes
Is iron a heat conductor
Yes
Is sulphur a heat conductor
No
Is nickel a heat conductor
Yes
Is copper a heat conductor
Yes
Is carbon an electrical conductor
Yes
Is zinc an electrical conductor
Yes
Is iron an electrical conductor
Yes
Is sulphur an electrical conductor
No
Is nickel an electrical conductor
Yes
Is copper an electrical conductor
Yes
Is carbon malleable
No
Is zinc malleable
Yes
Is iron malleable
No
Is sulphur malleable
No
Is nickel malleable
Yes
Is copper malleable
Yes
What metals are not magnetic
Carbon,zinc,sulphur,nickel,copper
What metals are magnetic
Iron
Which are metals
Zinc,iron,nickel,copper
Which are non metals
Carbon and sulphur
Why do metals and non metals react to oxygen
Oxygen is a reactive gas in the air
Magnesium+oxygen=
Magnesium oxide
Are metal oxides acidic?
Yes
Sulphur+oxygen
Sulphur dioxide
Does calcium react more to water or magnesium
Water
Does calcium or magnesium react more to water
Calcium
Are group one or group 2 metals more reactive
Group 1 metals as group 2 metals are less reactive
Calcium+water=
Calcium hydroxide+hydrogen
What is a negative way of metals reacting with acids
Corrosion on buildings
What is a positive way of metals reacting with acids
Etching or art
Metal+acid=
Salt+hydrogen
What is neutral
PH7
-salts are neutral
What is the reaction of zinc with water
Bubbles and emits a gas
What is the reaction of copper with water
Nothing
What is the reaction of iron with water
Bubbles,turns yellow,quite reactive
What is the reaction of magnesium with water
Dissolves as soon as it reaches the hydraulic acid
Zinc+hydrochloric acid
Zinc chloride+hydrogen
Magnesium+copper nitrate=
Magnesium nitrate+copper
Calcium+iron sulphate
Calcium sulfate+iron
Aluminium+iron oxide
Aluminium oxide+iron
Oxidisation
Gain of oxygen
Reduction
Loss of oxygen
How does aluminium become oxidised
Gain of oxygen
How does aluminium become oxidised
Gain of oxygen
How does iron oxide become iron
Iron oxide looses oxygen
Oxidising agent
Causes another substance to be oxidised
Reducing agent
Causes another substance to be reduced
Reducing agent
Causes another substance to be reduced
Iron+oxygen
Iron oxide
Silver+oxygen
Silver oxide
Calcium+water
Calcium hydroxide+hydrogen
Gold+chlorine
Gold chloride
