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GCSE - UV A > Science Skills > Flashcards

Science Skills Flashcards

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1
Q

Define an independent variable

A

The one variable that you change

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2
Q

Define a dependant variable

A

The variable that you measure

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3
Q

Define a control variable

A

Any variable you keep the same to make it a fair test

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4
Q

Define directly proportional

A

If one variable increases the other variable increases at the same rate. eg if x doubles then y must double

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5
Q

Define inversely proportional

A

If one variable increases the other variable decreases at the same rate. eg if x doubles then y must halve

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6
Q

How would you describe a line graph that does not pass through the origin?

A

A linear graph

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7
Q

Define an anomalous result

A

An result which does fit the pattern or trend

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8
Q

Define interval

A

The spacing between measurements eg 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 cm would have an interval of 10

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9
Q

Define range

A

The maximum and minimum values eg 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 would have a range of 50 - 0 cm

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10
Q

Define resolution

A

The smallest change that can be measured with a particular piece of equipment

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11
Q

How can the uncertainty in a measurement be measured?

A

Half of the range

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12
Q

When should you draw a line graph

A

When both variables are continuous

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13
Q

When should you draw a bar graph

A

If one of the variables is discrete or categoric

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14
Q

Define a continuous variable

A

Can be recored as any number eg time, mass, volume

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15
Q

Define a discrete variable

A

Can be recored only as a certain values eg number of goals in a match, shoe size

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16
Q

Define a catergoric variable

A

Is recored in words instead of numbers eg colours or types of metal

17
Q

What does repeatable mean?

A

Measurements are repeatable when repetition, under the same conditions by the same investigator, gives similar results.

18
Q

What does reproducible mean?

A

Measurements are reproducible if similar results are obtained by different investigators with different equipment.

19
Q

What is meant by random error?

A

Measurements are affected by random error due to results varying in unpredictable ways; these errors can be reduced by making more measurements and reporting a mean value.

20
Q

What is meant by systematic error?

A

Systematic error is due to measurement results differing from the true value by a consistent amount each time.

21
Q

What is callibration?

A

Checking an instrument is displaying a known value i.e ice melts at 0 degrees.

22
Q

What is parallax error?

A

Parallax error is caused by a scientist not reading the measurement at eye level

23
Q

What is peer review?

A

Where other scientists check data/theories before they are published.

24
Q

Publications in the media are not subjected to peer review - this often means that the reports are?

A

Oversimplified, inaccurate or biased

25
Q

What prefix does k represent?

A

kilo - x 1,000

26
Q

What prefix does G represent?

A

Giga - x 1,000,000,000

27
Q

What prefix does lowercase m represent?

A

milli - divide by 1,000

28
Q

What prefix does captial m represent?

A

mega - x 1,000,000

29
Q

What letter is used to represent the prefix micro?

A

? - divide by 1,000,0000

30
Q

What prefix does captial n represent?

A

nano - divide by 1,000,000,000

31
Q

What does accurate mean?

A

An accurate measurement is one that is close to the true value.

32
Q

What does precision mean?

A

Measurements are precise if they cluster closely.

33
Q

What equation represents a linear graph?

A

y = mx + c

34
Q

Why is perception of risk often very different than measured risk?

A

Could be influences such as familiar vs unfamiliar risk, visible vs invisble hazards, voluntary vs imposed risks.

35
Q

What does order or magnitude mean?

A

To the nearest power of ten - e.g a roof is closer to 10 m long than 100 m long or 1 m long

GCSE - UV A (11 decks)

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