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PERIODICAL EXAM DAY 2 > SCIENCE SET 1 > Flashcards

SCIENCE SET 1 Flashcards

Identification and Understanding

1
Q

Used for urination and sexual intercourse

A

Penis

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2
Q

Holds the testes in place

A

Scrotum

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3
Q

It produces the fluid secretion that support and nourish sperm

A

Prostate Gland

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4
Q

It produce sperm and testosterone which is the male sex hormone

A

Testes (or testicles)

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5
Q

This is a tube that extends from the bladder to the external opening at the end of the penis.

A

Urethra

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6
Q

It carries both urine and sperm but NOT AT THE SAME TIME.

A

Urethra

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7
Q

It makes a sugar-rich fluid (fructose) that provides sperm with a source of energy and helps with the sperms ability to move.

A

Seminal Vesicles

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8
Q

The muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus in women.

A

Vagina

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9
Q

The lowest part of the uterus.

A

Cervix

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10
Q

It is hollow, pear-shaped organ that holds a fetus during pregnancy

A

Uterus

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11
Q

It produces eggs (ova) and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. The ovaries take turns in releasing the egg cells.

A

Ovaries

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12
Q

Fertilization of human egg by sperms takes place

A

Oviduct or Fallopian Tube

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13
Q

It is the hollow organ in the female reproductive system that holds a fetus during pregnancy.

A

Uterus

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14
Q

It is the shedding of the inner lining of the uterus with the basal layer remaining intact.

A

Menstruation

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15
Q

It happened when the egg is not fertilized by the sperm.

A

Menstruation

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16
Q

It is the series of changes during which an egg matures, and the uterus is prepared for possible pregnancy.

A

Menstrual Cycle

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17
Q

The correct sequence of menstrual cycle

A

Menstrual –» Follicular –» Ovulation –» Luteal

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18
Q

It releases FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone).

A

Pituitary

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19
Q

In males, LH stimulates testosterone release by what cells?

A

It is release by Leydig Cells of the testes.

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20
Q

In females, LH stimulates steroid from the ovaries, ovulation, and the release of progesterone after ovulation by _______>

A

Corpus Luteum

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21
Q

In ______, FSH helps control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries.

A

Woman

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22
Q

It control the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in the ovaries in woman.

A

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

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23
Q

FSH levels in woman change throughout the menstrual cycle, with the highest levels happening just before an egg is release by the ovary known as ___________.

A

Ovulation

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24
Q

Ovulation occur after about how many days?

A

14 Days

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25
Q

This period is the most hospitable environment for sperm passage.

A

Ovulation

26
Q

It release the progesterone and estrogen.

A

Ovaries

27
Q

Its main function is to prepare endometrium for a fertilized egg to implant and grow.

A

Progesterone

28
Q

It is the lining of the uterus

A

Endometrium

29
Q

It thickens the endometrium, stimulates the pituitary gland to release LH causing ovulation and stops FSH being produced so that only one egg matures in a cycle.

A

Estrogen

30
Q

It includes the presence of menstrual blood, nausea, lower abdominal cramps, bread tenderness, and moodiness.

A

Period Symptoms

31
Q

It is a practice to prevent pregnancy by not giving semen the opportunity to enter the vagina.

A

Abstinence

32
Q

It refers to maintaining a near-constant internal environment.

A

Homeostasis

33
Q

It leads to a stable homeostatic system.

A

Negative Feedback

34
Q

It is a process in which the end products of an action case more of that action occur in a feedback loop.

A

Positive Feedback

35
Q

They are secreted by endocrine gland circulated in the blood.

A

Hormones

36
Q

Shivering thermogenesis, sweating, flattening of skin hair and redistribution of blood flow to the periphery are the thing we can do to _____________.

A

To restore a high body temperature

37
Q

Give at least four examples of positive feedback mechanism

A

Childbirth
Lactation
Ovulation
More production of platelets

38
Q

DNA contains of what sugar?

A

Deoxyribose sugar

39
Q

RNA contains of what sugar?

A

Ribose Sugar

40
Q

The following are components of a DNA molecule, EXCEPT;

a. Ribose
b. Phosphate
c. Base
d. Deoxyribose

A

a. Ribose

41
Q

This carries the information from the DNA to the Ribosomes.

A

mRNA

42
Q

This translates the genetic message through protein synthesis.

A

tRNA

43
Q

It forms ribosomes along with proteins

A

rRNA

44
Q

What are the nitrogenous bases of DNA?

A

Cytosine –» Guanine, Thymine —» Adenine

45
Q

What are the nitrogenous bases of RNA?

A

Cytosine –» Guanine, Uracil –» Adenine

46
Q

It provides a template for gene coding during protein synthesis

A

mRNA

47
Q

It carries the amino acids to the ribosomes, which has to be added to the polypeptide chain

A

tRNA

48
Q

How many strand DNA has?

A

Double strand

49
Q

How many strand RNA has?

A

Single strand

50
Q

Where can you find DNA?

A

Found only in nucleus

51
Q

Where can you find RNA?

A

RNA can be found in nucleus, cytoplasm, and some part of ribosome.

52
Q

It is a nucleic acid used is various body functions that uses Uracil instead of thymine to save energy to manufacture.

A

RNA

53
Q

The central Dogma

A

DNA –» RNA –» Protein

54
Q

It results in the production of mRNA by using DNA as a template and occurs only in the nucleus.

A

Transcription

55
Q

It is the process of decoding the information in mRNA, leading to the synthesis of polypeptide chains or protein

A

Translation

56
Q

The change in the sequence of DNA

A

Mutation

57
Q

Type of mutation that are situations where a single nucleotide is changed into another.

A

Substitution

58
Q

Type of mutation in which extra bases pairs are inserted into a new place in the DNA

A

Insertions

59
Q

Type of mutation in which a section of DNA is lost, or deleted.

A

Deletion

60
Q

A stop codon

A

UAA
UAG
UGA

PERIODICAL EXAM DAY 2 (4 decks)

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