Science - rocks, minerals - Sheet1

Question 1

mineral

Answer 1

inorganic, solid material found in nature

Question 2

crystal

Answer 2

solid material whose atoms are arranged in a repeating pattern

Question 3

cleavage

Answer 3

able to split into pieces with smooth regular planes

Question 4

fracture

Answer 4

able to break into pieces with jagged or rough edges

Question 5

streak

Answer 5

the color of a mineral in powdered form

Question 6

luster

Answer 6

how light reflects from a mineral’s surface

Question 7

specific gravity

Answer 7

ratio of a mineral’s weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water

Question 8

hardness

Answer 8

a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

Question 9

gem

Answer 9

mineral that is rare and can be cut and polished

Question 10

ore

Answer 10

mineral that can be mined at a profit

Question 11

igneous rock

Answer 11

formed when melted rock material from inside earth cools

Question 12

extrusive

Answer 12

formed at or near the earth’s surface

Question 13

intrusive

Answer 13

formed inside the earth

Question 14

sedimentary rock

Answer 14

formed when sediments collect in layers

Question 15

detrital

Answer 15

sedimentary rock made from grains of minerals or other rocks

Question 16

organic

Answer 16

sedimentary rock made from the remains of living things

Question 17

chemical

Answer 17

sedimentary rocks made from dissolved minerals

Question 18

metamorphic rock

Answer 18

formed when existing rocks are heated or squeezed but not melted

Question 19

foliated

Answer 19

metamorphic rock with visible layers

Question 20

nonfoliated

Answer 20

metamorphic rock with no visible layers

Question 21

rock cycle

Answer 21

describes how different types of rock are related to each and can change from one to another