Science-rocks And Minerals Flashcards
What is luster and what are the 3 different types of luster
Luster: how much light that is reflected off a mineral
- Brilliant- a lot of reflection
- Glassy- some reflection
- Dull- reflects no light
What is a mineral?
non-living materials that are naturally found on the earth
What is transparency and give the 3 examples of the different types of transparency
Transparency: being able to see through a mineral
- Transparent- seeing through clearly
- Translucent- can see through but the image is blurry
- Opaque- can’t see through the mineral
What is color
Minerals can come in many different colors
What is the streak color method
When u scratch a mineral on a streak plate the color that I then on the steak plate is the true color of that mineral
What is the hardness method
This scale ranks the hardness of a mineral. A mark will be made on the substance (glass or copper) if the mineral is harder than the substance scratched
Glass: 5.5 on hardness scale
Copper: 3 or a little less on the hardness scale
Moh’s hardness scale in order 1-10
- Talc 2.Gypsum 3.Calcite 4.fluorite
5. apatite 6.Orthoclase 7.quartz. 8.topaz 9.corundum 10. Diamond
What is the reaction with acid test
Shows the presents of calcite in a mineral by bubbling and fizzing
What is cleavage
How a mineral breaks apart
Fracture
When a mineral breaks in a ragged line
What is magnetism
The magnetic property a mineral holds
What is fluorescence
When some minerals have the ability to temporarily absorb a small amount of light and an instant later releases a small amount of light of a different wavelength
What does renewable mean
What we can replace after we use it
Ex. Wood
What is nonrenewable
What we can’t replace after we used it
Ex. Rocks, minerals and soil
What is an igneous rock
A rock formed by cooling lava
Ex.kimberlite and granite
What is magma
Melted hot rock deep beneath the earth
What is lava
Melted hot rock after it reaches the surface
What is and instructive igneous
Lava that cools before reaching the surface
What is extrusive igneous
Lava that cools on the surface
What is a sedimentary rock
When sediment lays on top of one another creating layers that then get pressurized making the sediment into a hard rock
Ex. Coal, limestone
What is a metamorphic rock
Rocks that are changed by heat/ pressure
Ex.marble, gneiss
What is the law of superposition
Younger rocks lie above older rocks only if the layers HAVEN’T been disturbed
What is a geologist
A person who studies rocks, minerals and other inorganic subjects from the earth
How do u identify a rock
Look at the composition, type of mineral inside the rock, mineral arrangement and the minerals shape and size
What is lithification
The conversion of unsolidified sediment into a solid rock (sedimentary rock)
What makes up the layer known as lithosphere
Rocks, minerals and soil
Crystalline structure
A specific way atoms are arranged Ina repeating pattern
