Science Quiz Flashcards (1/21/25)
Review
What is a push or pull?
Force
To change position
Motion
The distance traveled over a certain point of time
Average Speed
The speed of an object in a particular direction
Velocity
A change in speed or direction
Acceleration
A force of attraction between two objects depending on the mass of those objects?
Gravity
A force that resists motion by way of contact between two things
Friction
A force that resists motion as two things slide across each other
Sliding Friction
resistance of motion caused by a round object rolling across another object
Rolling Friction
A force that resists motion of an object due to a liquid or gas
Fluid Friction
Unit used to measure force
Newton
F = M(A) & F = P(A)
Newton’s Second Law
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton’s Third Law
In object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force
Newton’s First Law
When two forces acting on each other cause an object to move.
Unbalanced force
When forces acting on each other equally and in opposite directions which cause no movement of an object
Balanced Force
A measure of the motion of an object due to its mass and velocity
Momentum
The tendancy of an object to resist movement or a change in movement
Inertia
Two objects not in motion due to their contact
Static Friction
A liquid or a gas
Fluid
A fixed point that you may use to determine if something is moving.
Reference Point
Motion described using a reference point and reference directions
True or False?
True
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Inertia. An object will continue doing what it is doing unless acted upon by an outside force
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
F=MA F=PA
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Acceleration is a change in velocity; True or False?
True
If velocity is changing, what can be changing?
a. speed, b. direction, c. can be speed, direction or both
C. Can be speed, direction or both
Which objects are best to use for reference points? (Check all that apply)
a. Flying bird
b.Airplane taking off
c. tree
d. building
e. speeding car
C & D
A force is a push or pull on an object
True or False?
True
On a distance time graph, what does a steep slope mean?
Object is moving at a fast speed
Friction depends on
Amount of force, objects are moving in opposite directions, and surface type
Motion can be described through a change in
position
Force has both
magnitude (size) and direction
Average Speed
Total Distance/Total Time
Vector quantities (arrows) show size and direction of force and acceleration
True or False?
True
Speed Formula
Distance/Time
Net Force is
Sum of all forces acting on an object
Balanced forces are stable and have a net force of 0
True or False?
True
For objects to move, a force greater than the force of friction must be applied
True
Unbalanced forces cause instability and do not have a net force of 0
True
To calculate net force
Subtract forces acting on an object in opposite directions and add forces in the same direction
Which direction would the net force be on an object that has a force of 20N to the right and 50N to the left?
Net force would be 30N left
Which forces typically act on all objects on Earth at all times? (check 2)
a. Friction
b. Gravity
c. Distance
A & B
When you push a pole downward on Earth to make a pole vault, Earth exerts an equal force on the pole.
True or False?
True
If you push on a wall with a force of 30 N, the force acting on you from the wall is which of the following?
a. 0 N
b. 10 N
c. 20 N
d. 30 N
30 N
The statement “for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction” is a statement of ____.
Newton’s Third Law
When a bug hits a windshield of a car, the force of the car on the bug equals the force of the bug on the car.
True or False?
True
Pick the best example of Newton’s third law of motion in action.
a. A rocket accelerating in space as a result of gases and the rocket pushing each other in opposite directions.
b. A rocket being towed to the launch pad while friction acts in the opposite direction.
c. An asteroid moving around the Sun while being pulled toward the Sun.
d. An asteroid continuing to spin because nothing has exerted a force to stop it.
A
Based on Newton’s third law of motion, when a person on a skateboard throws a heavy concrete block to the north, the person will be pushed to the
South
If you throw a ball into the air, Earth exerts a force on the ball. The ball in the air exerts no force on Earth.
True or False?
False
Kelly sits on a rock in a field. Which of the following correctly name force pairs? (Pick 2)
a. Kelly pushes on the rock, and the rock pushes on Earth.
b. Earth pulls on Kelly, and Kelly pulls on Earth.
c. The rock pushes on Earth, and Earth pulls on the rock.
d. Kelly pushes on the rock, and the rock pushes on Kelly.
B & D
Moving a book to a lower shelf decreases its potential energy.
True or False?
True
A rock at the edge of a cliff has kinetic energy because of its position.
True or False?
False
Energy that is stored is kinetic energy.
True or False?
False
A compressed spring does not have elastic potential energy.
True or False?
False
A kite stuck in a tree has ______ energy due to its position.
potential
Differences in gravitational potential energy depend on an object’s _________.
Mass and height
Which type or types of energy does a blimp circling above a sporting event have?
Kinetic and gravitational potential energy
If an object is on top of a hill or in a position raised above the ground, it must have __________.
gravititional potential energy
A stretched rubber band has what type of energy?
elastic potential energy
When you put on the brakes of a bicycle, friction causes some of the mechanical energy to transfer to thermal energy.
True or False?
True
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can be created or destroyed.
True or False?
False
In every energy transformation, some energy is always “lost” as ____ energy.
thermal
According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe ____.
remains constant
Work _____ energy.
transfers
Which equation is correct?
a. mechanical energy = kinetic energy – potential energy
b. mechanical energy = potential energy – kinetic energy
c. mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy
d. mechanical energy = kinetic energy × potential energy
C
When two surfaces interact, some mechanical energy leaves the system as thermal energy due to ________.
friction
Which of the following does NOT reduce friction?
a. grease
b. cotton
c. oil
d. graphite
B. Cotton
A fire warms you by transferring — energy
thermal
What is the unit for weight
g or kg (lbs)
What is the unit for length?
m or cm
What is the unit for mass?
g (gram) , kg, (kilogram), t (tonne)
What is the unit for force?
Newtons
What happens to a moving toy car if there were no forces to act on it?
Perpetual motion
