Science Quiz Flashcards
Who is Linnaeus and what is he known for?
Developed first scientific system for classifying and naming living things.
Who is Lamarck and what is he known for?
Theory of “use” and “disuse,” theory of evolution.
Species
Group of similar organisms that mate and produce offspring.
Evolution
Modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.
Who is Lyell and what is he known for?
states that the processes which created the many different natural features in the world today are still active
Fossil
Preserved remains of an organism that lived in the past.
Who is Anning and what is she known for?
Fossil collector- key contributor in the study of fossils and geology because of observations and discoveries.
Who is Darwin and what is he known for?
British Naturalist who developed theory of Natural Selection.
Adaptation
Physical characteristic or behavior that helps an organism survive.
Scientific Theory
Well- tested explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results.
(Scientists use theories to further knowlege, and advance in what they are trying to conclude.)
Why are fossils important to developing a theory of evolution?
Fossils provide record of past life, which contribute to evolution.
Variation
Slight differences between members of the same species.
ex: black and white moth
Natural Selection
Organisms that are better adapted their environment survive and reproduce.
Artificial Selection
Humans breeding organisms.
Mechanism
Natural process by which something takes place.
What are three factors that affect the process of natural selection.
Overproduction, Variation and Competiton.
How do variations make organisms better adapted to their environment?
Organism that survives and reproduces- offspring inherits helpful characteristic.
How are traits passed from parents to offspring?
GENES!- Genetic variations (combo of parents genes) contribute to the diversity of organisms.
Mutation
Change or mistake in DNA.
Epigenetics
Study of a small change in DNA that turns genes on or off but do not change the genetic code itself.
A mutation can only be inherited if it occurs in what cell?
Body cell.
What happens if an offspring is born with a mutation?
Natural Selection will determine whether that mutation gets passed on to the next generation.
Difference between Mechanism and Natural Selection.
Mechanism- explains HOW something happens.
Natural Selection- explains WHY certain traits are passed on.
