Science Quiz #1 Flashcards
What are the 3 types of rocks?
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
How is igneous rocks formed?
When a volcano explodes, it releases magma. When magma reaches the surface, it cools down and hardens into a new rock
How is sedimentary rocks formed?
Formed from sediments in the bottom of a lake or ocean pressed together to form a rock
How is metamorphic rocks formed?
Older sedimentary or igneous rocks are pushed down deep to the crust of the earth, heated by magma then structure of the rock changes to metamorphic rock
What are the 5 layers of Earth?
Lithosphere Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Cryosphere
What is Lithosphere?
- solid Earth
- thin, outermost layer of Earth called the crust and upper most solid mantle
What is Atmosphere?
- gaseous Earth
- Mixture of invisible gases that surround earth
- Traps some energy from the sun and absorb UV rays
What is Biosphere?
- Living things
- Made up of all living things and the area of the Earth where they are found
What are Hydrosphere?
- All the liquid water on Earth
- Oceans, lakes, river, rain, etc.
What is Cryosphere?
- All the frozen water on Earth
- Snow, ice, sea ice glaziers, iceberg, etc.
What is the 4 stages of butterfly life cycle?
- Egg
- Larvae/Caterpillar
- Pupa
- Butterfly
Define “weathering”
When rain and water wash over and rub against rocks over a long time, then tiny particles of rock worn away
Define fossil
Tiny animals buried in sediments, they are hardened and turned into rock
What occurs at plate boundaries where continents collide?
Volcanoes
Explain the difference between magma and lava.
Magma - molten rock inside volcano
Lava - when it escapes from Earth
Define “Hotspot”
A collision zone, beneath the ocean floor of super hot liquid rock
What is a trait?
Notable feature, inherited from parent
What are physical traits?
Characteristics of one’s physical looks
What are behavioral traits?
Characteristics of one’s acts
What is predisposition to medical condition?
Increased risk of disease that can be passed on from parent to offspring
What are allele?
one of two or more alternative forms of gene that arise during mutation
What is homozygous?
Two of the same allele
What is heterozygous?
Two different alleles for a trait
What is dominant?
phenotypically expressed in heterozygotes
