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Science Q.A. Flashcards

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1
Q

How much of a solute will dissolve in a solvent.

A

Solubility

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2
Q

Rows of elements.

A

Period

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3
Q

Columns of elements that have similar characteristics.

A

Families

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4
Q

A solvent and a solute that are NOT chemically bonded. It can be separated.

A

Mixture

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5
Q

What is a solvent?

A

The substance that dissolves the other substance. There is always more solvent than anything else. Water is an example.

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6
Q

What is a solute?

A

The substance that has been dissolved in the solvent. Salt is an example.

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7
Q

What is a compound?

A

2 or more elements that are chemically bonded. An example is H20.

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8
Q

What is an element?

A

Pure substance. 1 kind of atom.

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9
Q

The average kinetic energy of particles.

A

Temperature

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10
Q

The ability to be pulled into thin wires.

A

Ductility

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11
Q

How much light can pass through an object.

A

Opacity

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12
Q

How shiny a substance is

A

Luster

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13
Q

The movement of heated liquids and gasses carrying thermal energy with them.

A

Convection

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14
Q

Heat transfer between 2 substances that are touching.

A

Conduction

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15
Q

Transfer of thermal energy with no matter to carry it.

A

Radiation.

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16
Q

What does the Kinetic Molecular Theory state?

A
  • All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms.
  • All atoms and molecules are in constant random motion.
  • Particles collide with other particles, other objects, and the walls of their containers, but do NOT lose energy!
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17
Q

How much mass an object has compared to how much space it takes up.

A

Density

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18
Q

Very rarely combine with other elements. Most are transparent. Gas at normal room temperature. Family on the right. Neon, helium, Argon.

A

Noble Gasses.

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19
Q

Silvery, opaque, soft solids with high luster and low melting points. They like to react with halogens. Potassium, sodium, lithium.

A

Alkali metals.

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20
Q

More dense and harder with higher melting points than alkali metals. Have high luster. Burns red, orange, white, and green over a flame. Magnesium, calcium, barium, radium.

A

Alkaline Earth Metals.

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21
Q

High densities and are good conductors of heat and electricity. Very malleable and ductible. Middle of the table. Nickel, copper, gold, silver, zinc.

A

Transition metals.

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22
Q

Nonmetallic, essential for life, does not conduct heat and electricity, brittle, no luster. Oxygen, carbon, helium, hydrogen, iodine.

A

Nonmetals.

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23
Q

Ability to burn.

A

Chemical property

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24
Q

Ability to be dissolved.

A

Physical property.

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25
Q

If something is opaque or not.

A

Physical property.

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26
Q

Density: chemical or physical property?

A

Physical

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27
Q

Ability to react with acid.

A

Chemical

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28
Q

Ductility: chemical or physical property?

A

Physical

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29
Q

Odor: chemical or physical property?

A

Physical

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30
Q

Texture.

A

Physical property.

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31
Q

Ability to rust.

A

Chemical property.

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32
Q

Ability to react with iodine.

A

Chemical property.

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33
Q

Color: chemical or physical property?

A

physical

34
Q

What are the 3 basic parts of an atom?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

35
Q

What type of charges will be attracted to each other?

A

Positive and negative.

36
Q

What are some elements in the human body?

A

Oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen.

37
Q

Where are protons found in an atom?

A

In the nucleus.

38
Q

Where are neutrons found in an atom?

A

In the nucleus.

39
Q

Where are electrons found in an atom?

A

Around the nucleus.

40
Q

How do you find the number of protons?

A

Atomic number.

41
Q

How do you find the number of electrons?

A

Same as protons.

42
Q

How do you find the number of neutrons?

A

Atomic weight minus number of protons.

43
Q

Water freezing into ice.

A

Physical. It’s still water.

44
Q

Painting a fence.

A

Physical. It’s still paint and it’s still a fence.

45
Q

What are signs of a chemical change?

A

Color, odor, light, sound, gas, and bubbles are produced.

46
Q

What are signs of a physical change?

A

It’s reversible, the state changes, it changes shape, it has to do with solubility.

47
Q

What are the units for density?

A

g/mL and g/cm3

48
Q

Liquid to solid?

A

Freezing

49
Q

Solid to gas?

A

sublimation

50
Q

Liquid to gas?

A

evaporation

51
Q

What type of energy needs to be added or removed for the state of matter to change?

A

thermal energy

52
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A

Matter can’t be created or destroyed, it can only change form.

53
Q

How do you know if something will float or sink in water?

A

If the density is greater than 1 g/mL, it will sink. If it is less than 1 g/mL, then it will float.

54
Q

T/F: Objects in nature stack themselves based on density, with the most dense objects at the bottom.

A

true

55
Q

How can you find relative density?

A

Comparing densities of stacked substances.

56
Q

What is the “universal solvent?”

A

Water

57
Q

How can you increase solubility?

A

Increase the temperature, and crush the solute.

58
Q

What are suspensions?

A

Solutes and solvents that will never mix, like oil and water. They are insoluble.

59
Q

What is the formula for density?

A

D= mass/volume

60
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

61
Q

Does matter have to be visible?

A

No. For example, air is matter.

62
Q

What are the 3 main states of matter?

A

Solid, liquid, and gas.

63
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

The electrons on the last energy level.

64
Q

What determines reactivity of atoms?

A

The number of valance electrons.

65
Q

How many valance electrons do all atoms want?

A

8

66
Q

How many electrons can go on each energy level on a bohr model?

A

Level 1: 2
Level 2: 8
Level 3: 18

67
Q

What are atoms?

A

The basic building blocks of matter. Everything is made of atoms.

68
Q

Is atomic weight the top or bottom number?

A

bottom

69
Q

Is the atomic number the top or bottom number?

A

Top

70
Q

Who was the first scientist to create the periodic table of elements?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev.

71
Q

When balancing an equation, can you change the subscripts or coefficients?

A

Coefficients.

72
Q

What is the first thing you need to do when balancing an equation?

A

Make a chart.

73
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

The energy created by the movement of particles.

74
Q

What is heat?

A

The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another.

75
Q

How does heat always move?

A

From the objects that have more heat to objects that have less heat.

76
Q

What is albedo?

A

How reflective something is.

77
Q

Something with high albedo is…

A

snow

78
Q

Something with low albedo is…

A

black rocks

79
Q

What’s viscosity?

A

A measurement of a liquid’s resistance to flow.

80
Q

What has high viscosity?

A

Caramel and honey

81
Q

What has low viscosity?

A

Vanilla extract and water.

Science (4 decks)

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