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Science Pretest Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Inflammation, production of interferon, and ingestion of pathogens by phagocytes are nonspecific cellular responses by which of the following?
A) The internal aspect of adaptive immune system
B) Antibody-mediated immunity
C) The internal aspect of the innate immune system
D) Passive immunity

A

C) The internal aspect of the innate immune system

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2
Q 
What feature of the adaptive immune system decreases the amount of time it takes for the body to respond to a particular antigen?
A) Unbroken skin
B) Memory cells
C) Cytotoxic T-cells
D) Inflammation
A

B) Memory cells

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3
Q 
Which of the following occurs in the cardiac cycle if the impulse triggered at the sinoatrial node never reaches the Purkinje fibers of the heart?
A) The atria will not contract
B) There will be an absence of systole
C) The ventricle will not contract
D) Diastole will shorten in duration
A

C) The ventricle will not contract

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4
Q

Which of the following describes the link between damaged villi and malnutrition?
A) Damaged villi decrease the nutrient-absorbing surface area in the gastrointestinal tract
B) If villi are damaged, the surface area of the stomach is decreased.
C) Peristalsis of the large intestine will be diminished.
D) Damaged villi cause gastric reflux disease

A

A) Damaged villi decrease the nutrient-absorbing surface area in the gastrointestinal tract

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5
Q 
Which of the following organs is responsible for the majority of the chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients in the digestive system?
A) Large intestine
B) Small intestine
C) Liver
D) Pancreas
A

B) Small intestine

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6
Q

Contraction occurs when the thin ____filaments slide past the thicker _____ filaments, causing the sarcomere unit to shorten or contract.

A) Actin, Myosin
B) Myosin; Axon
C) Axon; Actin
D) Dendrite; Axon

A

A) Actin, Myosin

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7
Q

The endocrine system is a collection of ductless glands that produce which of the following responses?
A) A quickly initiating but prolonged response on other body systems
B) A slowly initiating and short response on other body systems
C) A quickly initiating and short response on other body systems
D) A slowly initiating but prolonged response on other body systems

A

D) A slowly initiating but prolonged response on other body systems

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8
Q 
Which of the following glands has an exocrine function and aids in the regulation of blood glucose?
A) Adrenal
B) Pancreas
C) Thyroid
D) Pituitary
A

B) Pancreas

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9
Q 
Which of the following terms refers to the middle layer of the skin that is made of connective tissue?
A) Hypodermis
B) Keratin
C) Dermis
D) Epidermis
A

C) Dermis

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10
Q 
Which of the following is produced by the skin when a cholesterol-based precursor is modified by the presence of ultraviolet radiation?
A) Renin
B) Vitamin D
C) Sweat
D) Keratin
A

B) Vitamin D

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11
Q 
Which of the following types of bone cells perform mineral resorption?
A) Osteons
B) Osteocytes
C) Osteoblasts
D) Osteoclasts
A

D) Osteoclasts

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12
Q 
Inside of adult long bones, yellow bone marrow is located within which of the following?
A) Lamellae
B) Medullary cavity
C) Osteon
D) Spongy bone
A

B) Medullary cavity

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13
Q 
Which of the following types of tissue serves to fasten and support body parts?
A) Connective
B) Nervous
C) Epithelial
D) Muscle
A

A) Connective

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14
Q 
Which of the following leaves the body via the vas deferens?
A) Gametes
B) Follicles
C) Zygotes
D) Corpora lutea
A

A) Gametes

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15
Q 
Which of the following reproductive organs produces sperm in males and ova in females?
A) Follicles
B) Prostate
C) Scrotum
D) Gonads
A

D) Gonads

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16
Q 
Which of the following is the term used to describe an action potential jumping from node to node in an axon?
A) Reverberation
B) Temporal Summation
C) Saltatory conduction
D) Ricocheting
A

C) Saltatory conduction

17
Q

A polysaccharide can be describes as which of the following?
A) A carbohydrate that is made of many sugar molecules
B) A molecule that is made up of many amino acid monomers
C) A macromolecule that makes up many lipid molecules
D) A polymer made up of many fatty acids bonded together

A

A) A carbohydrate that is made of many sugar molecules

18
Q 
Which of the following is a chemical reaction between two molecules in which a water molecule is released and a covalent bond forms?
A) Hydrolysis reaction
B) Dehydration reaction
C) Exothermic reaction
D) Ionic reaction
A

B) Dehydration reaction

19
Q 
If a DNA segment of GGA TAC ATA is used as a template for RNA, what will the sequence of bases be in the complementary codons?
A) CCT ATG TAT
B) GGA TAC ATA
C) CCU AUG UAU
D) CCG AGU GAG
A

C) CCU AUG UAU

20
Q 
Which of the following is a triplet of nitrogenous bases that codes for an amino acid?
A) Complementary strand
B) Template strand
C) Nucleotide
D) Codon
A

D) Codon

21
Q

Inheritance can be described as which of the following?
A) Spontaneous development of new traits in offspring
B) Transmission of characteristics to offspring
C) Sharing of characteristics with siblings
D) Transmission of characteristics to parents

A

B) Transmission of characteristics to offspring

22
Q 
Genetic information describing the characteristics of an organism is found in which of the following?
A) Ribosome
B) Nucleus
C) Lysosome
D) Mitochondrion
A

B) Nucleus

23
Q

Which of the following best describes the result of mitosis?
A) New body cells that replace damaged cells
B) Reproductive cells that can lead to new offspring
C) Secretion of keratin used in nail and hair production
D) New proteins that can be used to build structures in the cell

A

A) New body cells that replace damaged cells

24
Q

Which of the following statements describes the function of ribosomes?
A) They are used by cells to protect strands of DNA
B) They maintain lipid production and storage
C) They facilitate protein synthesis
D) They convert food energy into cell energy

A

C) They facilitate protein synthesis

25
Q

Which of the following statements correctly describes a major metabolic pathway?
A) Photosynthesis is a reductive, degradative pathway
B) Respiration is an oxidative, degradative pathway
C) Photosynthesis is an oxidative, synthetic pathway
D) Respiration is a reductive, synthetic pathway

A

B) Respiration is an oxidative, degradative pathway

26
Q 
Atomic mass has a decimal because it is the average \_\_\_\_ of all the isotopes for a particular element. The atomic number of an element is the number of \_\_\_\_\_\_ in its nucleus.
A) Number of electrons; protons
B) Mass; protons
C) Mass; neutrons
D) Protons; neutrons
A

B) Mass; protons

27
Q 
An atom that has lost an electron becomes \_\_\_\_\_\_ in charge and is call a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) Positive; anion
B) Negative; cation
C) Negative; anion
D) Positive; cation
A

D) Positive; cation

28
Q

Which of the following statements is true about protons?
A) They can travel around the nucleus of anion
B) They can be shared with another atom in a covalent bond
C) They can be transferred to another atom in an ionic bond
D) They are located in the nucleus of an atom

A

D) They are located in the nucleus of an atom

TEAS Science (2 decks)

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