science: open belief system

Question 1

every culture had its own knowledge system which lead to..

Answer 1

• knowledge possessed by each society was accepted only within cultural boundaries

Question 2

POSTMODERNISTS: metanarrative

Answer 2

• a single comprehensive explanation of the world

- one narrative traditionally dominated each culture

Question 3

scientific rationalism

Answer 3

• the knowledge transcends along different groups because science is objective and based on factual evidence of reality

Question 4

scientific method involves

Answer 4

• observation of natural world, formulation of hypothesis based on observation and testing to gain evidence
• when evidence is gained it will be viewed as a fact

Question 5

science is superior of knowledge because..

Answer 5

• it shows all other explanations to be false through evidence and hypothesis testing

Question 6

rationalists argue that..

Answer 6

• before science there were too many conflicting beliefs for all of them to be true but now we have science to allow us to discover real knowledge

Question 7

science has been successful in explaining and controlling the world because..

Answer 7

• POPPER; science is an open belief system where they are open to criticism and it is relative because it is not fixed

Question 8

Falsification

Answer 8

• when scientists set out to try and falsify existing theories deliberately to seek evidence and would disapprove them

Question 9

POPPER;

Answer 9

• discarding falsified knowledge claims is what enables scientific understanding of the world to grow
• it builds on the achievement of previous scientists to develop a greater understanding

Question 10

scientific knowledge is not sacred

Answer 10

• this is because it can always be questioned and criticised and tested to show it is false

Question 11

GOULD

Answer 11

• science and religion are two separate realms because science provides certain knowledge about the world whereas religion is focused on moral guidance

Question 12

relativist view

Answer 12

• they see science as just one of many beliefs, all of them are equally valid

Question 13

GELLNER

Answer 13

• he disagrees with the relativist view because the objective nature of science sets it above all other forms of knowledge