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Science mq4 Flashcards

1
Q

The production of new cells to bring about growth, replacement of damaged cells and the production of new generations of individuals among some groups of organisms can happen through one of the wonderful processes taking place in the body of living things

A

Cell Division

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2
Q

It is responsible in the increase in weight and height of the baby girl as she grew and developed into a teenager.

A

Mitosis

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2
Q

Mitosis takes place in our body cells called what?

A

Somatic Cells

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3
Q

takes place in the ovaries and testes of animals, including humans.

A

Meiosis

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4
Q

New cells are formed through cell division. This is one important breakthrough that was discovered by who?

A

Rudolf Virchow

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5
Q

When did Rudolf Virchow discover that new cells are formed through cell division?

A

1858

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6
Q

is a stage that involves the replication of the chromosomes into two similar equal parts.

A

Interphase

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7
Q

In this stage, the nuclear membrane and nucleolus begin to breakdown.

A

Prophase

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7
Q

is described as the resting stage, resting because the cell is not dividing but is very active in performing metabolic activities.

A

Interphase

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8
Q

The chromatins change until they become double-stranded and are called what?

A

chromatids

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9
Q

What are the stages of Mitosis (in order)

A

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

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10
Q

It is the final stage of mitosis. The chromosomes now have reached the opposite poles.

A

Telophase

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11
Q

Forces originating from the poles pull the chromatids to move.

A

Anaphase

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12
Q

What is the other term for mouth?

A

Buccal cavity

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13
Q

Process wherein food is broken down into smaller molecules that the body cells can utilize

A

Digestion

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14
Q

Saliva contains the salivary what?

A

amylase and ptyalin

15
Q

Used to break down foods into smaller pieces

A

Teeth

16
Q

adapted to break down food mechanically and chemically

A

Mouth

17
Q

a wave-like contraction

A

Peristalsis

18
Q

Produce most of the saliva in your mouth

A

salivary glands

19
Q

A muscular tube that conveys food from the pharynx to the stomach.

A

Esophagus

19
Q

Enables to taste food

A

Muscular Tongue

20
Q

pear-shaped organ that is connected to the distal end of the esophagus.

A

Stomach

21
Q

The stomach’s interior walls are folded and contain numerous what? They are composed of cells that secrete materials important in the digestive process.

A

gastric glands

22
Q

In this stage, the nuclear membrane and nucleolus begin to breakdown. The chromatins change until they become double-stranded and are called chromatids.

A

Prophase

23
Q

The churning action of the stomach changes the bolus into a semi-fluid consistency.

A

Chyme

24
Q

The double-stranded chromosomes called chromatids align themselves at the equator of the cell.

A

Metaphase

25
Q

In what phase do the spindle fibers begin to become well developed?

A

Prophase

26
Q

Each chromatid is attached to the spindle by a structure in the centromere called what?

A

kinetochore

27
Q

What is the difference between Prophase I and Prophase II

A

In Prophase I, the nuclear membrane and nucleolus begin to break down. Whilst in II, that’s when the spindle fibers begin to develop well.

28
Q

What is the difference between the Metaphase in meiosis and mitosis?

A

there is a pairing of the homologous chromosomes (called synapsis), forming a tetrad.

29
Q

What is the difference between metaphase I and II?

A

In I, the homologous chromosomes line up in pairs (and according to the ppt, in a horizontal manner) whilst in II, the single chromosomes that aren’t in pair line up in the midline of the cell (in a vertical manner).

30
Q

double-stranded chromosomes

A

chromatids

31
Q
A

School Flash Cards (3 decks)

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