Science Midterm Study Guide

Question 1

What is potential energy?

Answer 1

the amount of energy that is stored in an object

Question 2

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 2

the energy an object has because of its motion

Question 3

An object will remain at rest unless acted by and unbalanced force. (Often called “the law of intera”)

Answer 3

Newton’s 1st Law of Motion

Question 4

Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass, the greater the amount of force needed.

Answer 4

Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

Question 5

For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action.

Answer 5

Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion

Question 6

What is the difference between heat and temperature

Answer 6

Heat is the energy that is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up an object.

Question 7

How can heat be transferred from one object to another

Answer 7

Heat can be transferred from one object to another by radiation, conduction, or convection.

Question 8

What are some examples of kinetic energy

Answer 8

a rolling ball, a swinging rope, a vibrating spring, small particles moving in matter (such as particles in air or water)

Question 9

What are some examples of potential energy

Answer 9

the energy in a book resting on a table above the ground, a stretched rubber band, and a battery.

Question 10

Name the order of the waves from left to right on the electromagnetic spetrum

Answer 10

Radio Waves, Microwave, Infrared, Ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma Rays.

Question 11

What is wave length

Answer 11

The distance between the troughs and the peaks of a wave.

Question 12

What is frequency

Answer 12

the number of cycles a wave completes in a period of time

Question 13

What is an amplitude

Answer 13

the height of a wave

Question 14

What is straight line motion

Answer 14

the motion along a straight line

Question 15

What are the 4 states of matter

Answer 15

solid, liquid, gas, plasma

Question 16

What are the particles like in a solid

Answer 16

The particles are packed closely together

Question 17

What are the particles like in a liquid

Answer 17

The particles are closely together but not tightly packed

Question 18

What are the particles like in a gas

Answer 18

The particles are spread very far apart

Question 19

What are the characteristic properties of matter

Answer 19

mass, weight, volume, density, state, and phase.

Question 20

Why do people need transportation

Answer 20

People need transportation to get from one place to another. Transportation allows people to get to work, school, needs and goods.

Question 21

How do different forms of transportation meet people’s transportation needs

Answer 21

Bicycles are useful for short distances in good weather. Automobiles can carry people quickly and efficiently within their communities and regions. Trucks and trains can carry heavy cargo. Ships can carry cargo over seas and airplanes are useful for traveling long distance quickly.

Question 22

What factors influence a community’s choice for transportation

Answer 22

Communities continue to build new roads and highways and improve existing ones. Many cities are also developing bike paths, and is a low cost.

Question 23

What are the 4 forces that effect the motion of transportation

Answer 23

up, down, forward, and backward.

Question 24

What things are used for transportation

Answer 24

vehicles, bikes, trains, ships, and trucks

Question 25

What is motion

Answer 25

a change in position over time

Question 26

What causes an object to speed up or slow down

Answer 26

Unbalanced forces acting on an object can change the object’s speed, causing it to speed up or slow down.