SCIENCE MIDTERM DECK Flashcards
What is the first law of motion?
Law of Inertia
What do you call the tendency of an object to resist change or motion?
Inertia.
If there is more mass in an object, then there is (more/less) inertia.
more inertia.
What is the second law of motion?
Law of Acceleration
If you increase the force of an object, the acceleration will (increase/decrease).
increase.
If you increase the mass of an object, the acceleration will (increase/decrease)
decrease
If forces are balanced, then the acceleration is ____.
zero
In a formula triangle for acceleration, which one is on top? Force, Mass, or Acceleration?
Force.
What is the formula for acceleration?
Force over Mass (f/m)
What is the unit for force?
N
What is the unit for Mass?
Kg
What is the unit for Acceleration?
m/s^2
What is the third law of motion?
The action-reaction law
State the first law of motion.
“An object at rest stays in rest and an object in motion stays in motion.”
State the second law of motion
“The acceleration is directly proportional to the net force, in the same direction, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object”
State the third law of motion
“For every action, there is an opposite reaction”
What is sound?
Vibrating matter
Does sound require a medium to travel?
Yes.
Is there sound in space? Why or why not?
No, for there is no medium in space for sound to move, it is vacuum.
Which temperature does sound travel better in, higher temperatures or lower temperatures?
higher temperature
Which medium does sound travel faster in? Solid, liquid, or gas?
Solid
What is the formula for the speed of sound?
V = 331m/s + (0.6m/s/c) x T
[ T = temperature, 331 and 0.6 are staple ]
What is the speed of sound in 20 degrees celsius?
343 m/s
What do you call the effect of change in wave frequency during relative motion?
Doppler Effect
Which characteristic of a sound waves is defined as the ‘Energy in sound wave’
Loudness
Which characterisitic of a sound waves is defined as ‘Measure of energy per unit’
Intensity
Which characteristic of sound waves is defined as ‘Highness and lowness’
Pitch
Which pitch is above human hearing? Ultrasonic or infrasonic?
Ultrasonic
How many hertz for Infrasonic?
Less than 20Hz
How many hertz for Ultrasonic?
Greater than 2000Hz
Which characteristic of sound waves is defined as ‘harmonic content & dynamic characteristic of sound’
Quality/timbre ; allows ear to distinguish sound
What is the formula of PE?
mgh (mass, gravity, height)
What is the formula for KE?
(0.5)(mass)(v^2)
v = velocity
what is the formula if we are finding for mass in PE?
PE/g x h
PE over gravity x height
What is the law of conservation?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It may only transform from one form to another. The total amount of energy remains the same
What is the shortest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum?
Violet
What has the highest frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum?
Red
Gamma rays have shortest wavelength and highest frequency. T/F?
True
Which color has the lowest energy?
Red.
What is the formula for Work?
force x distance
What is the formula for Distance?
Work / Force
What is the formula for force?
work / distance
What is negative workl?
performed if the displacement is opposite to the direction of the force
What is the formula of power?
force x distance / time
What is the formula for power if there is degree?
f x d x cos(degree) / time
What is the difference of temperature and heat?
Temperature is the hotness/coldness and heat is the transfer of energy
What is the unit for Heat?
Joules or Calories
What is the unit for temperature?
Kelvin, fahrenheit, celsius
What is specific energy?
Amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1oC.
What is the formula for heat energy?
Q = mass x specific heat capacity x (final time - inital time)
What is thermodynamics?
A branch of physics that describes how thermal energy is converted to other forms of energy and how it affects matter
