Science Mid Term

Question 1

Do protons have a positive or negative charge?

Answer 1

Positive +

Question 2

Are electrons positively or negatively charged?

Answer 2

They have a negative charge -

Question 3

What charge do neutrons have?

Answer 3

They have NO CHARGE

Question 4

What is an atom made of?

Answer 4

Protons, electrons and neutrons

Question 5

What are some characteristics of non-metals

Answer 5

Gas
Solid or liquid 
Not shiny
Does not produce heat or light
Breaks easily

Question 6

What are some characteristics of metals

Answer 6

Shiny
Produces light and heat
Malleable

Question 7

How are the elements categorized?

Answer 7

They are placed in families or groups if they have similar chemical behaviours

Question 8

What is the name of the first column?

Answer 8

Alkali metals

Question 9

What is the name of the second column?

Answer 9

Alkali earth metals

Question 10

What is the name of the 17th column?

Answer 10

Halogens

Question 11

What is the name of the 18th column

Answer 11

Noble gases

Question 12

Each row is call what?

Answer 12

A period

Question 13

True or false: the elements in each period have the same number of shells

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or false: the number of shells decrease as we go down the periodic table

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Who invented the periodic table?

Answer 15

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 16

How many valence electrons does argon have (Ar)

Answer 16

8 valence electrons

Question 17

Have many electrons can the first first orbital layer have?

Answer 17

2 electrons

Question 18

Why do all the elements want to be like noble gases?

Answer 18

Because they are all stable since they have 8 electrons

Question 19

What is the law of conservation of mass

Answer 19

It states that atoms are not destroyed or created but simply rearranged and transformed into new molecules

Question 20

What are some characteristics of an acid

Answer 20

Sour taste
Turns blue litmus red
Reacts with some metals
They release h+ in water

Question 21

What are some characteristics or a base

Answer 21

Bitter taste
Turns red litmus blue
Slippery to the touch
Releases OH- ions

Question 22

How do you identify an acid?

Answer 22

Begins with H (hydrogen) and ends with a non mental

Question 23

How do you identify a base?

Answer 23

Begins with a metal and ends with OH (hydroxide)

Question 24

What is an example of an acid with a pH of 2?

Answer 24

Lemon juice

Question 25

What is an example of a base with a pH of 14?

Answer 25

NaOH

Question 26

What is neutralization?

Answer 26

When an acid combines with a base to form salt and water

Question 27

What do atoms do to be like noble gases

Answer 27

They give or take their valence electrons

Question 28

How do we know it is not an electrolyte?

Answer 28

It does not break up in water It contains C and OH It starts with a non metal

Question 29

How do we know it is an electrolyte?

Answer 29

It dissociates It contains an acid, a base or a salt It starts with a metal

Question 30

What is the definition of an electrolyte?

Answer 30

Substances when dissolved in water conducts electricity

Question 31

How do electrolytes work?

Answer 31

When dissolved in water ions and positively charged and negatively charge atoms are produced

Question 32

What is an example of a non-electrolyte?

Answer 32

Glucose(sugar)

Question 33

What is an example of an electrolyte?

Answer 33

Salt (NaCl)

Question 34

What is a strong electrolyte?

Answer 34

When it is completely ionized when dissolved and no neutral molecules are formed in a solution

Question 35

What is synthesis?

Answer 35

Two elements combines to form a molecule

Question 36

What is decomposition?

Answer 36

When a molecule breaks apart to form two elements

Question 37

What is combustion?

Answer 37

It is a reaction of a fuel with an oxidant to give out heat. The release of heat can produce light into the form of a flame

Question 38

What is the greenhouse effect

Answer 38

A natural process that warms the earths surface

Question 39

What raises the levels of greenhouse gases

Answer 39

Burning fossil fuels and farming

Question 40

What are some greenhouse gases?

Answer 40

Carbon dioxide Méthane Nitrous oxide Fluoridated gases

Question 41

What is global warming

Answer 41

Rise in global temperatures due to the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Question 42

What is climate change?

Answer 42

The increasing changes in the measures of climate over a long period of time - including precipitation, temperature and wind patterns

Question 43

What are some types of energy

Answer 43

``` Tidal Wind Solar Biomass Wave Hydroelectric Geothermal Coal Nuclear ```

Question 44

What is fission?

Answer 44

The action of dividing or splitting something into two or more parts

Question 45

What is fusion?

Answer 45

The process or result of joining two or more things together to form a single entity

Question 46

Fission can create what kind of energy?

Answer 46

Nuclear energy

Question 47

The water cycle shows what?

Answer 47

The continuous movement of water within the earth and atmosphere

Question 48

What is ocean circulation

Answer 48

Large scale movement of waters in the oceans basins

Question 49

Does cold water go down or up

Answer 49

Down

Question 50

Does warm water go down or up

Answer 50

Up

Question 51

What is salinity?

Answer 51

Amount of salt in a solution

Question 52

What is catchment area

Answer 52

Area at the bottom that accumulates the surface runoff

Question 53

What is permafrost?

Answer 53

A layer of permanently frozen snow or a thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year, occurring chiefly in polar regions

Question 54

What is the albedo effect?

Answer 54

Albédo is an expression of the ability of surfaces to reflect sunlight. Light. Imputed surfaced return a large part of the sun rays back to the atmosphere. Dark surfaces absorb the ways from the sun

Question 55

What is pack ice?

Answer 55

Ice that floats on the water

Question 56

True or false: when pack ice melts ocean levels rise

Answer 56

False

Question 57

What is a consequence of pack ice melting

Answer 57

Loss of habitat because they depend on pack ice to live. Decrease in albedo effect

Question 58

What are glaciers?

Answer 58

Accumulations of snow and ice on land

Question 59

What are some consequences of glaciers melting?

Answer 59

Increase in sea levels, slowing of thermohaline circulation, affects the salinity and decreases the albedo effect

Question 60

What is permafrost?

Answer 60

A layer of permanently frozen sol found in the polar regions and or high altitudes

Question 61

What is the active layer

Answer 61

A layer that thaws only in the summer

Question 62

Which of the following statements correctly describes permafrost A) all the frozen water on the earths surface B) a layer of soil frozen for more than 2 years C) the snow which accumulates on the surface of glaciers D) the upper layer of water which freezes when in contact with cold air

Answer 62

B

Question 63

What are some consequences of the permafrost melting?

Answer 63

- the land above it sinks or changes shapes - soil is more vulnerable to erosion - landslides can occur because of the melted soil slips off the frozen layer underneath - carbon dioxide and methane are released to the atmosphere leading to the intensification of the greenhouse effect - the type and number of plant species growing on the soil may change - primary productivity will increase

Question 64

True or false | Increasing of primary productivity is a consequence of the melting of permafrost?

Answer 64

True