Science Grade 4 End of Year Test Flashcards
What is energy
Energy is the ability to do work
What is the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy?
Potential energy is stored energy, kinetic is energy of motion.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only transferred or transformed.
How does energy transfer from one form to another?
Energy can transfer from one form to another by touching one object and the energy moves from one source to another.
What is the difference between longitudinal waves and transverse waves?
Longitudinal waves move horizontal, Transverse waves move vertical.
What does it mean when light is absorbed,reflected, or refracted?
Reflection-how much light reflects from a surface
Refraction- bending of the light path as the light passes from one material into another.
Absorption- the tendency of a material to absorb some part of the light and convert it to heat, or perhaps some other form of energy.
What is the difference between light and sound waves?
Sound waves, being longitudinal,are slower than light waves, and don’t travel through a vacuum (e.g space). Finally, and again, because of their initial displacement and type of motion, sound waves travel faster through denser mediums (solids), while light waves travel faster through less dense mediums (gasses).
what are waves?
A wave is a physical phenomenon characterized by its frequency, wavelength, and amplitude.
Describe what internal and external structure is and give an example of each.
internal structure is the inside makeup of a plant or animal. The external is the outside makeup of a plant or animal.
Describe how plants adapt to their environment.
plants have adapted to be able to accommodate its surroundings. for example, a cactus has spines to protect itself from desert predators, and it typically grows in an area of the desert that will provide it with enough water to survive in the dry climate.
Describe how animals adapt to their environment.
Animals adapting to their own environment means to be able to survive the climatic conditions of the ecosystem, predators, and other species that complete for the same food and space. an adaptation is a modification or change in the organism’s body or behavior that helps it to survive. an animal may adapt to its habitat in different ways.
Describe how animals use their senses for survival .
To survive, animals have to sense their environment with body parts called sensory organs, such as eyes, ears,and noses… Many animals can sense tiny vibrations in the environment and use those to find prey or, if they are prey, detect predators.
What is weathering?
The breaking down of rock.
What is erosion?
The carrying away of rock.
Describe how weathering and erosion are important to changing land forms.
weathering breaks the rock down into smaller pieces, and erosion carries them away, this process changes/shapes the land and creates new land forms.
