science forces and speed for test Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a force?

A

a push or a pull

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2
Q

what does friction do?

A

it always opposes motion

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3
Q

what does weight do?

A

it pulls things downwards

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4
Q

what does air resistance (drag) do?

A

it acts against anything moving through the air

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5
Q

what does upthrust do?

A

it keeps things afloat

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6
Q

what force goes against weight?

A

reaction force

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7
Q

what does a force with a vector quantity mean?

A

that it has a size and a direction

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8
Q

how do you draw forces on an object?

A

with arrows

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9
Q

what must these arrows have/do?

A

they must start touching the object and come away from it in the direction the force is going.

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10
Q

what is happening to the object if the arrows are the same size?

A

it is either staying still or travelling at a constant speed

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11
Q

what is the object doing if the arrows are of DIFFERENT sizes?

A

it is either changing shape, direction or speed

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12
Q

what is the difference between the 2 forces called?

A

the resultant force

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13
Q

true or false, weight is a force.

A

true

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14
Q

what does it measure?

A

the effect gravity is having on an object

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15
Q

what is weight measured in?

A

newtons (with a newton meter)

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16
Q

what is mass a measurement of?

A

how much of something there is

17
Q

what is the earth’s gravitational field strength?

A

10 newtons per kilogram

18
Q

what is the formula for weight?

A

mass x gravitation force

19
Q

what is the formula for mass?

A

weight/gravitational force

20
Q

what is the formula for gravitational force?

A

weight/mass

21
Q

what is weight on earth?

A

mass x 10

22
Q

what is mass on the moon?

A

mass x 4

23
Q

when can friction be useful? (2)

A

brakes, starting a fire

24
Q

when can friction NOT be useful?

A

air resistance, wanting to go faster

25
Q

what are the 3 characteristics of a streamlined shape?

A

rounded head with a slowly tapering tail, a smooth shape with no projections

26
Q

what are 2 ways to reduce friction?

A

lubrication, streamlining

27
Q

what is the formula for density?

A

mass of object/ volume of object

28
Q

what is the density of water?

A

1.0

29
Q

what is the density of oil?

A

0.9

30
Q

true or false- oil will always float on water- why/why not?

A

true because oil has a less density than water

31
Q

how do you find the volume of a regular object?

A

length x width x height

32
Q

how do you find the volume of a irregular object?

A

putting a set amount of water into a measuring jug, putting the object in, taking it out and seeing how much water was displaced (taken out)

33
Q

true or false- the reaction force is perpendicular

A

true