Science FINAL study guide Flashcards
At least 20 questions
What are cells?
The basic unit of life.
What are the 2 types of cells?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic .
What are some traits of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ?
Prokaryotic:
- cytoplasm, rhymezones, cell membrane, circular strand of DNA.
Eukaryotic: real cells, has DNA,
What is the difference between multicellular and unicellular?
Unicellular: organisms have one cell
Multicellular: More than one cell.
What do plant cells have that animal cells dont have?
What can plant cells do that animal cells cant?
- they have chloroplasts, cell wall, and a large vacuole which animal cells don’t have.
- Plant cells can make their own food!
Where does photosynthesis occur?
It occurs in the chloroplast.
What type of cell is a plant cell?
It is a eukaryotic cell.
What type of cells are bacteria cells?
They are prokaryotic and are very simple.
What kingdoms do humans belong to?
They belong to the animal kingdom.
What are the 6 kingdoms?
- Animal kingdom
- plant kingdom
- archaebacteria kingdom
- Eubacteria kingdom
- fungi
- protists
Elaborate on archaebacteria:
ancient; bad bacteria that is hard to kill and will not die with extreme temperatures)
What is eubacteria?
Everyday bacteria if you boil it you can kill it;
Why are the arm and base important on the microscope?
The arm and base are where you hold the microscope.
Out of course adjustment and fine adjustment, which one comes first?
Course adjustment comes first.
What does course adjustment do?
It moves the stage.
What is fine adjustment?
The second knob you change;
What do objective lenses do?
They magnify the specimen.
What are the different sizes of objective lenses?
Low-4x
medium-10x
high-40x
What’s the highest the objective lenses can go?
Low- 40
Medium- 100
High- 400
What is the nervous system based on?
Your five senses and is split between the central band peripheral.
What body system includes the small intestine and large intestine?
The digestive system.
How many muscles are in the human body?
There are 600 muscles.
What are the 3 ways muscles can move?
Expanding, contacting,or shrinking.
What does your nose do for the repository system?
Your nose brings and removes carbon dioxides.
What do joints do?
Joints allow the bones to move back and fourth.
Matter science:
What is a homogenous mixture?
A mixture where 2 or more substances are uniformly spread out.
What is a heterogenous mixture?
A mixture in which different materials can easily be distinguished and not uniformally spread out.
What is an example of a heterogenous mixture?
- cereal in milk.
- - gravel, pebbles and sand.
A result of combining 2 or more substances:
A mixture.
Is a solution able to be seen under a microscope?
No, it cannot be seen under a microscope.
What do the particles in a colloid have?
They have particles that are well mixed but not completely dissolved.
Are colloid particles able to be seen under a microscope?
Yes, but it does turn out cloudy.
What is a substance?
a type of matter with a fixed composition that cannot be separated by physical means
And is composed of living and non ,living things.
What are examples of substances?
- liquid
- gas
- plasma
- solid
What is a suspension?
A mixture that contains a liquid where visible particles settle.
A suspension is what kind of mixture?
A suspension is a heterogenous mixture.
What is an element?
Substance(s) made up of atoms of the same identity!
What is a compound?
A mixture that is composed of two or more separate elements
What is a mixture?
Material made up of two or more substance that can be separated by physical means.
Earth-space science:
What is an earthquake?
Ground movements that occur when blocks of rock and earth movie suddenly and release energy.
Where is the epicenter?
It is directly above the earths surface.
What is a fault?
A break in the crust of the earth along which blocks of rocks move.
Where do most earthquakes occur?
They mostly occur at plate boundaries.
What are the three types of boundaries?
- transform
- divergent
- convergent
At divergent boundaries, earthquakes are common along what faults?
- They are common along normal faults.
At convergent boundaries, earthquakes are common along what faults?
- reverse faults
At transform boundaries earthquakes are common along what faults?
- Strike-slip faults.
What are transform boundaries?
- they are also very shallow
What are divergent boundaries?
- They pull apart
- earthquakes are shallow
What are convergent boundaries?
- plates collide
- squeezing shortens and compress rocks
The amount of energy released by an earthquake is what?
Magnitude.
What is the Richter scale?
The Richter scale is a tool that measures ground motion from an earthquake.
Rock cycle: ( earth space science)
What kind of rock is a slate rock?
It is a metamorphic rock.
How is an igneous rock formed?
It is formed by or when the magma inside the earths crust cools or hardens.
How were metamorphic rocks formed?
They were once either an igneous rock or a sedimentary rock and when it ws exposed to heat or pressure it changed over time.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
First weathering causes them to break into sediments > then they are moved to different locations > the sediments after then deposited into layers > eventually being compressed and buried > cemented together.
Why do metamorphic rocks rarely contain fossils?
- The rocks go through many changes with heat and pressure and fossils cannot survive those conditions.
When rock types are intrusive what does that mean?
It means they were created below earths surface.
What is extrusive?
Rocks created on/above earths surface.
What is weathering?
The breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals due to weather.
What is erosion?
Water, wind, or ice that moves sediment from one location and transports it to another.
