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6 grade finals > Science Final > Flashcards

Science Final Flashcards

1
Q

organization of the body

A

cell → tissue →organ →Body
System

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2
Q

cells

A

make up all living things
*capable of reproducing themselves
*made from an already-existing cell

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3
Q

organelles

A

structures found inside cells

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4
Q

Mitochondria

A

Uses oxygen and sugar (glucose) to provide energy to the cell
(the “mighty mitochondria”)

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5
Q

cell membrane

A

*surrounds the cell, holds it together
*Lets particles into and out of the cell
*semi-permeable layer that surrounds both plant and animal cells

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6
Q

cell wall

A

*only in plant cells
*gives cells support and structure

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7
Q

chloroplasts

A

only in plant cells
* take in carbon dioxide
* organelle where photosynthesis takes place

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8
Q

nucleus

A

controls what goes on in cell
* contains the cell’s genetic material (DNA)

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9
Q

fat cells

A

stores energy
sac-like appearance

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10
Q

cytoplasm

A

the jellylike substance that fills the cell, where the organelles are located

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11
Q

skin cells

A

protects from invaders like bacteria and viruses
keeps out invaders that can make you sick

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12
Q

bone cells

A

gives the body shape and structure
helps support your body
bone cells cause bones to be hard

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13
Q

blood cells

A

carries nutrients and oxygen to other cells in your body
remove waste (carbon dioxide) from your cells

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14
Q

circulatory system

A

heart, arteries, veins
moves blood around the body

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15
Q

digestive system

A

mouth, stomach, intestines
breaks down food into molecules our cells can use
digestion of food begins in the mouth

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16
Q

muscular system

A

involuntary muscles and voluntary muscles
moves the body

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17
Q

nervous system

A

nerves, brain, spinal cord, sensory organs
takes in information from the outside world and tells the body how to react

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18
Q

sensory neurons

A

nerve cells that take in information from the outside world and send it to the brain

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19
Q

respiratory system

A

mouth and nose, lungs
takes in oxygen cells need and gets rid of the carbon dioxide they produce

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20
Q

What is the difference between arteries and veins?

A

Arteries - Away from the heart
Arteries are oxygen rich
Veins - Into the heart
Veins carry oxygen poor blood

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21
Q

voluntary muscles

A

when a person wants them to move (like lifting an arm, smiling or using fingers to type)

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22
Q

involuntary muscles

A

move things a person does not normally control ex. muscles that move food through your intestine, heart

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23
Q

sensory organs

A

eyes, ears, skin, nose, and tongue

24
Q

cerebrum

A

responsible for your imagination
controls thinking and the senses

25
Q

medulla

A

controls involuntary actions like heartbeat and breathing

26
Q

cerebellum

A

responsible for learning new things
controls motion and balance

27
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

learned about genetics by studying pea plants

28
Q

sexual reproduction

A

requires 2 parents
offspring receive genetic information from 2 parents so they are not genetically identical

29
Q

asexual reproduction

A

requires only 1 organism and results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

30
Q

dominant allele

A

dominant or overriding trait
*masks a recessive trait when both are present in an organism
*made from an already-existing cell
*shown with a CAPITAL letter

31
Q

recessive allele

A

weaker trait
*often hidden by dominant trait
*requires 2 copies to be expressed (tt, cc, pp, etc.)
*shown with a lowercase letter

32
Q

heterozygous

A

when you have both a recessive allele and a dominant allele for a trait (Bb)
an organism can NEVER be heterozygous recessive

33
Q

homozygous

A

when you have the same two alleles for a trait either two dominant (BB) or two recessive (bb)

34
Q

What does it mean if a parent is Ee (heterozygous) for a given trait?

A

the parent shows trait “E”
the parent can pass down trait “E” or “e” to its offspring

35
Q

genotype

A

an organism’s allele combination

36
Q

phenotype

A

physical appearance of an organism (what you see when you look at the organism)

37
Q

weather

A

day to day
atmospheric condition on a specific day, in a specific place
what we GET

38
Q

climate

A

what we EXPECT
average conditions in a general region
over a long period of time
data is calculated over 30 years

39
Q

Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius to

A

C = (temp in F - 32) x 5 ÷ 9

40
Q

Greenhouse gases

A

a substance that traps heat in Earth’s atmosphere
carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, fluorinated gases
at the right levels are beneficial for the earth

41
Q

What happens to the majority of solar radiation when it reaches Earth?

A

It gets absorbed by the Earth

42
Q

fossil fuels

A

a substance formed from ancient organic material that is used to generate energy, such as coal, oil, and natural gas

43
Q

Effects of Climate Change

A

coral reefs harmed
crops are producing less
wildfires are burning longer
and becoming more frequent

44
Q

What is climate change?

A

a shift in worldwide climate patterns, including warming temperatures and more frequent extreme events, like hurricanes

45
Q

Greenhouse Effect

A

the Earth’s atmosphere trapping heat from the sun which keeps Earth just the right temperature to survive

46
Q

solar radiation

A

energy from the sun

47
Q

conductors

A

particles are close together.
particles get neighboring particles to vibrate easily
material that allows for energy in the form of heat to be transferred
metals and liquids are good examples

48
Q

insulators

A

particles are further apart.
takes a lot of energy to get the particles in the material to vibrate
gases are good examples
vacuum - best example
material that prevents thermal energy transfer

49
Q

radiation

A

the transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves
does NOT require matter

50
Q

conduction

A

the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact of particles
ex. touching a hot pan

51
Q

convection

A

the transfer of thermal energy in liquids and gases by particles moving in currents

i.e. warm air circulating around the room

52
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy of motion

53
Q

potential energy

A

stored energy

54
Q

thermal energy transfer

A

the movement of thermal energy from a warmer/hotter area to a cooler area

55
Q
A

6 grade finals (3 decks)

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