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Science Exam .. > Science Exam Chem, Bio, Physics, Space > Flashcards

Science Exam Chem, Bio, Physics, Space Flashcards

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1
Q

What two particles make up atomic mass?

A

Protons and neutrons

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2
Q

What particle makes up atomic number

A

The number of protons

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3
Q

Elements on the periodic table were arranged according to their _______?

A

Increasing atomic number

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4
Q

What is “NaCl”
1: element
2: compound
3: solution
4: mechanical mixture

A

Compound
}Made of two things{
(Na)+(Cl)

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5
Q

What is salt water?
1:element
2: compound
3: solution
4: mechanical mixture

A

Solution
Made of salt and water

<can>
</can>

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6
Q

What is (Fe)?
1: element
2: compound
3: solution
4: mechanical mixture

A

Element

<on>
</on>

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7
Q

What is water?
1: element
2: compound
3: solution
4: mechanical mixture

A

Compound

<made>
(H)2+(o)
</made>

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8
Q

What is soil?
1: element
2: compound
3: solution
4: mechanical mixture

A

Mechanical mixture
<made by a bunch of things minerals etc…>

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9
Q

What is (Cu)?
1: element
2: compound
3: solution
4: mechanical mixture

A

Element
(Copper)

<on>
</on>

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10
Q

What is a mechanical mixture?

A

Mixture where different components are mixed in but can easily be separated
(Eg; sand and pebbles)

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11
Q

What is a solution?

A

When everything is dissolved into this mixture
(Eg; sugar in water)

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12
Q

What’s is a pure substance?

A

Matter made of a particle it is found or made naturally

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13
Q

What is an element?

A

Something found on the periodic table, and is made or found naturally.

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14
Q

What is a compound?

A

A pure substance made up of two or more elements
(Eg; water ( h2o)-two things)

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15
Q

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

You can see the different things that make up the mixture
(Eg; pizza) you can see all the toppings.

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16
Q

What is a homogenous mixture?

A

Mixtur where everything is dissolved but has more than one thing in it
(Eg; coffee)

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17
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared between two atoms

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18
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

And ionic bond is an attraction between oppositely charged ions.

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19
Q

What is an atom?

A

When all the numbers are the same

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20
Q

What is an ion?

A

Atoms that loose or gain valence electrons

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21
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers or neutrons.

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22
Q

What is an ionic isotope?

A

When the protons and electrons add up to the neutrons.

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23
Q

What are the subtomic particles?

A

-protons: positive
-neutrons: neutral
-electrons: negative

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24
Q

How many valence electrons do the Nobel gasses have?

A

8

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25
Q

How many valence electrons do the alikai metals have?

A

1

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26
Q

What is the ionic charge of the alumina earth metals?

A

2

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27
Q

If two elements are in the same period together, what do they share the same number of?

A

Electron shells

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28
Q

Five physical properties

A

-melting point
-Boiling point
-Density
-conductivty
-solubility

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29
Q

Five chemical properties

A

-reactivity
-flammability
-oxidation
-acidity
-Corrosive / combustibility

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30
Q

3 physical changes

A

-change in state
-change in shape or size
-change in solubility

31
Q

5 chemical changes

A

-new substance
-colour change
-bubbles/gaseous
-temperature change
-light up -produces light

32
Q

{Metals} ONLY METALS properties
(comparing to non metals)

A

-ductile: into thin wires
-shiny
-Malleable: into thin sheets
-good conductors

33
Q

{Non metals} NON-METALS
properties

A

-dull
-brittle
-poor conductors
-found in various states like: solids,liquids and gasses

34
Q

What is a group on the periodic table?

A

The vertical Collums on the periodic table like the alikai metals for example

35
Q

What is a family on the periodic table?

A

A group of elements the share similar properties and characteristics for example- non metals area

36
Q

What is a period on the periodic table?

A

A sideways row of elements. Each period has the same electron shells but their properties can vary.

37
Q

What are the valence electrons?

A

The outside shell of an atom

38
Q

What is the law of electric charges?

A

Like charges repel opposites attract

39
Q

What is charging by friction?

A

Two object rubbing against each other (eg; balloon in hair)

40
Q

How to you charge by induction?

A

Bringing charged objects near a neutral, charged object example making friction on a carpet with socks, then going to touch a door knob.

41
Q

What is grounding?

A

Sending unwanted charges to the ground by plugs or wires so you have to neutralize it to help prevent the buildup of static you can use a metal rod to ground.

42
Q

How do you charge by contact?

A

Direct contact with an object after charging it

43
Q

What is a conductor?

A

All material that allows the flow of electric current to transfer heat (eg: metals like coppers)

44
Q

What is a insulator?

A

A material that does not conduct any electricity, or heat easily (eg: styrofoam)

45
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

Components that are connected in separate branches, allowing multiple pass for the current to flow. If one fails, the other will still work.

46
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

Components are connected in a single path. If one component fails, it can have an impact on the whole circuit.

47
Q

What is an electric discharge?

A

Electric discharge is when electric current flows through a medium it happens when there is a buildup of charge in a system. This just discharge kennel occur when there is too much buildup of static.

48
Q

What are two safety devices that are used to prevent the flow of current in a circuit?

A

Fuses and circuit breakers fuses contain a metal wire that melts when excessive current passes through circuit breakers use an electromagnetic switch to open the circuit when a fault is detected.

49
Q

what are all the planets in order closest to the sun? 

A

Mercury Venus earth, mars Jupiter Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

50
Q

What is a characteristic of the moon? 

A

The moon is a natural satellite that orbits around a planet 

51
Q

What is an asteroid?

A

A rocky object that orbits the sun, and is typically found in an asteroid belt in Mars and Jupiter 

52
Q

What is a meteoroid?

A

A small, rocky metallic object that travels through space when a meteor enters the earths atmosphere and burns up 

53
Q

What is a meteorite?

A

If a meteoroid survives his journey through the atmosphere and lands on, the Earth is called a meteorite 

54
Q

What is a meteor?

A

A meteor is known as a shooting star, it is known as a meteor when it stays in space

55
Q

What is a comet?

A

A celestial object that’s composed of ice, dust, and rock 

56
Q

What is a planet?

A

A celestial object that orbits the sun and is a sphere in shape 

57
Q

What is fusion? 

A

Fusion is where two or more atomic nuclei come together to form a heavier nucleus. fusion powers, the stars, including our own sun

58
Q

Why is the sun important?

A

The sun is important because it is a superstar to our solar system. It provides us with light and heat without the sunlight on earth will not be possible. It is also the main planet in the middle.

59
Q

For biotic factors in an ecosystem

A

Organisms, plants, fungi, and bacteria 

60
Q

Four abiotic factors in an ecosystem

A

Water, dirt, wind, and sun

61
Q

What is the study of how organisms interact with each other

A

Ecology

62
Q

When, considering the carbon cycle, why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration, considered to be complementary processes?

A

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are considered to be complementary processes because they work together to maintain the balance of carbon in the environment 

63
Q

What is a species

A

Species is a group of similar organisms

64
Q

What is a population?

A

 a population is a number of different types of organisms found in one area 

65
Q

What is a community?

A

A community is all different species in the same habitat


66
Q

What is an autotroph (producer)?

A

It is an organism that produces its own food by photosynthesis grass for example


67
Q

What is a heterotroph (consumer)?

A

Is an organism that eats the producer for food like a small animal 

68
Q

What is a herbivore?

A

Consumers that eat other consumers

69
Q

What is an omnivore?

A

Consumers that eat producers and consumers

70
Q

What is a carnivore?

A

Consumers that eat other consumers

71
Q

What is a scavenger?

A

Carnivores that eat eat remains of dead animals 

72
Q

What is a decomposer?

A

They release chemicals to break down and absorb release nutrients 

73
Q

What is a food chain versus a food web?

A

A food chain outlines who eats who
a food web, is all the food chains in an ecosystem 

74
Q

What are four human activities that have caused major decrease in biodiversity

A

Invasive, species, climate change population, over exploitation

Science Exam .. (1 decks)

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