Science Exam Flashcards by savanna Schwartz

Places rocks somewhere else as sediments

Deposition

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The rapid movement of a large mass of any type of earth material down a steep hill

Landslide

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Picks up and moves particles of rocks after weathering occurs

Erosion

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A process that makes rocks separate into thin layers or slabs

Exfoliation

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When water is trapped in cracks and pores of rocks making it freeze and expand creating fragments of rock

Frost wedging

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When rocks and soil are moved by gravity alone

Mass wasting

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Mass wasting that slips just a short distance

Slump

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What is formed when water chemically combines with carbon dioxide

Carbonic acid

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Agent always involved in mass wasting

Gravity

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Typical order of occurrence

Weathering erosion deposition

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Condition favorable for chemical weathering

Moist climate

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Mass wasting that slips just a short distance

Slump

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Large mass of ice that moves under the influence of gravity

Glacier

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The formation of a delta is related to

Deposition

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Deflation is to desert pavements as… Is to ventifacts

Abrasion

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Affects chemical weathering

The mineral itself warmth and moisture topography and vegetation

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The slow movement of land surface barely visible downhill motion

Creep

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Which type of weathering breaks down rocks into smaller pieces by physical process

Mechanical weathering

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Biological weathering is a combination of

Chemical and mechanical

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What is the process of forming desert pavements by wind erosion

Deflation

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Loess deposits are thought to have been formed by the action of

Wind

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When two or more glaciers merge and spread out onto a plain at the base of a mountain range it is called a

Piedmont glacier

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Plucking is a type of erosion caused by

Glaciers

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All glacier drifts hat drop directly from the ice as glacier melts and retreats is known as

Till

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What is a pile of till that the glaciers terminus pushed to the furthest distance

Terminal moraine

What do u call when two valley glaciers merge to form a ribbon of rubble in the center of the glacier flow

Medial moraine

This is the most fertile part of the soil

A horizon

What plays an important role in both mechanical And chemical weathering

Water

What are deposits of sediments left by glaciers called

Glacial drift

Two factors that influence the speed of chemical weathering

Climate, temperature

Broad ice sheets that cover most of the continent and spread out in all directions s except high mountains are known as

Continental glaciers

Forms where a stream enters a large body of water

Delta

Wind sculpted rocks of unusual shapes

Ventifacts

This climate has rapid changes in weather and have extreme summer and winter temperatures

Continental

This includes areas such as Mediterranean, marine West Coast, and Humid subtropical climates

Mild

The coldest regions on earth and their warmest temperatures are only about 50 F

Polar

These areas the largest climate zone get very little precipitation and have dry air

Dry

These have constant warm temperatures with lots of rain

Tropical

What is the difference between weather and climate

Climate is long term and weather is in the now

What is one of Theron purposes of our atmosphere

To keep radiation from the sun away from earth

The layers of the earths atmosphere from close to far

Troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere, stratopause, mesosphere, mesopause, thermosphere

What layer contains the ozone layer

Stratosphere

The three major temp scales

Kelvin, celsius, farenheight

Instrument used to measure humidity

Hygrometer

Instrument used to measure temperature

Thermometer

Used to measure wind speed

Anometer

Used to measure air pressure

Barometer

The four main factors that influence the temperature at a particular place

Latitude, land and water, ocean currents, elevation

Is a high pressure system cloudy or clear

Clear

Is a low pressure system cloudy or clear

Cloudy

High pressure good or bad weather

Good

Low pressure good or bad weather

Bad

High pressure rising or sinking air

Sinking

Low pressure rising or sinking

Rising

High pressure clockwise or counter

Clockwise

Low pressure clockwise or counter

Counter

What happens when a solid turns into a gas

Sublimation

Happens when a liquid turns into a solid

Freezing

Happens when a gas turns into a liquid

Condensation

This makes up 80% of the ocean

Deep zone

Warmest and least salty of ocean layers

Surface zone

Has quickly changing temperature and salinity as you get deeper

Pycnoclyne

What layer is constantly being mixed my waves so it has a fairly constant temperature

Surface zone

What is the bottom of the ocean called

Benthic

The part of the ocean with no light

Aphotic zone

The amount of mass in a certain volume of substance

Density

The three main properties of the ocean

Density, salinity, temperature

What does he ocean help regulate

Temperature

The property of a substance that determines how much energy it takes to raise the temperature is called

Specific heat, heat capacity

This increases as you get deeper in the Pycnocline

Density and salinity

Most of the light is absorbed in this layer of the ocean

Photic

This zone has enough light to see but not enough to support photosynthetic organisms

Dis photic

This zone has enough light to support photosynthetic organisms

Euphotic

What has is needed by living things to build proteins and other biochemical

Nitrogen

Which gas is used in photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide

The measure of what is dissolved in water

Salinity

three of the most common components in sea water

Calcium, potassium, sodium

What is the range of the ph scale

0-14

What is neutral

What is less than seven

Acidic

What is higher than seven

Basic

Levels of classification

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

A broad shallow river mouth where fresh and salt water mix

Estuary

Can be made of sand or small stones and pose a problem for small animals

Beaches

Has many unusual animals including brittle stars and tripod fish

Deep sea

Built by coral polyps mostly between the Tropics

Coral reef

The area between high and low tide on rocky beaches

Rocky intertidal zone

Supported by superheated water and chemicals

Vent communities

Mostly dark cold and empty with slow moving animals

Deep sea

Two main zones and their definition

Surface zone- top layer of the ocean Pycnocline- middle layer increasing density and salinity

Keepers first law

Every planet orbits the sun with the sun one focal point and blank space the other

Keplers second law

The closer a planet is to the sun the faster it will orbit

Keplers third law

The time it takes for a planet to orbit relates to distance from the sun