Science exam 2nd 9 weeks

Question 0

Vascular plants

Answer 0

Have tubes or vessels to transport water and nutrients throughout the plant 
They can be divided into 2 groups -- 
Plants that produce seeds 
Plants that do not produce seeds 
Ex. Celery

Question 1

Nonvascular plants

Answer 1

Do not have tubes or vessels To transport water and nutrients
They depend on diffusion and osmosis to move materials from one part of the plant to another
They are small plants
Ex. Mosses and liverworts

Question 2

Some plants do not produce seeds. They produce spores
Ex. Ferns
Horsetails club mosses

Answer 2

.

Question 3

Plants that produce seeds fall into 2 groups

Answer 3

Gymnosperms - non flowering plants

Angiosperms. Flowering plants

Question 4

The structure of seed plants

Answer 4

Plants are divided into 2 systems

Root system
Shoot system

Question 5

The vascular tissues of these two systems are connected by xylem and phloem

Answer 5

Xylem- transports water and minerals through the plant

Phloem. Transports sugar molecules ( food for the plant )

Xylem and phloem are found in all parts of vascular plants

Question 6

Root systems Made up of the roots

Answer 6

Absorb and move water and nutrients to the stem that are taken up through the root hairs

Store food in the form of sugar or starch

Anchor the plant and keep it in a stable position

Question 7

The shoot system is mad up of

Answer 7

Leaves

Stems

Question 8

Leaf functions

Answer 8

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants produce food It takes place in the leaves

To do this they need water and mineral salts obtained from the soil

This is carried inside little veins in the leaf

It stores some food which is then transferred to other areas of the plant

Question 9

Stem functions

Answer 9

Transports materials between the root system and shoot system
Supports the leaves of a plant and also the fruit and flowers
Stems can either be herbaceous ( soft) or woody Which consists of phloem and xylem tissue

In a woody stem just inside the bark is the phloem layer
Inside the phloem layer is a layer of cells called the cambium
The cells divide to produce new phloem and xylem which increases the width of the stem
This is what causes annual growth rings which can be used to calculate the age of a tree