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Science Exam. Flashcards

(inheritance, metals, the universe)

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1
Q

Describe a Nebula

A

An enormous cloud of dust and gas occupying the space between stars acting as a nursery for new stars.

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2
Q

Define Accretion

A

The process of a growth by gathering or aggregating more matter due to gravitational forces.

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3
Q

What is fusion in the core of a main star

A

A nuclear fusion reaction is when small nuclei fuse to form longer nuclei. The energy that occurs released is generated from nuclear fusion reactions involving hydrogen nuclei, fusing to form helium nuclei in the core of a main star. In this process nuclear potential energy is converted into other forms of energy.

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4
Q

What is the number of chromosomes contained by each human.

A

46 chromosomes

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5
Q

If you where to be given a half of the following on strand of DNA what would be the other half?
GTAACGGTAC

A

CATTGCCATG

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6
Q

What is our galaxy

A

It is called the Milky Way and is a spiral galaxy.

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7
Q

Name the structures of a body in order of increasing size.

A

Base, gene, Chromosome, nucleus.

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8
Q

The genotype of an individual organism is best described as…?

A

Their Unique sequence of DNA

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9
Q

Which group has a stable electrons configuration?

A

Group VIII

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10
Q

covalent bonding is a result of…?

A

Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared in an atom.

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11
Q

If I had 13 electrons how would they be placed in the order of shells?

A
  1. 2
  2. 8
  3. 3
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12
Q

What are some properties of Non-Metals

A
  • brittle
  • poor conductors of heat and electricity
  • non- ductile
  • dull
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13
Q

What are some properties of Metals

A
  • Malleable
  • good conductors of heat and electricity
  • ductile
  • shiny on a cut surface
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14
Q

What is an Ion?

A

An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge.

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15
Q

When do metals become positive?

A

Because they loose electrons the number of protons is bigger so it becomes positive.

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16
Q

What can be metals classified as?

A

metals, non-metals, or metalloids

17
Q

How are chemical properties grouped together?

A

– Metals are the the left and bottom
– Non-Metals are to the right and top
– Metalloids are formed between metals and non-metals an appear to follow a zig zag.

18
Q

Monatomic definition?

A

When an element exists as single atoms, uncombined.

19
Q

Diatomic definition

A

when an element exists as two of the same atom bonded together

20
Q

define the atomic number

A

the number of protons in a nucleus of an atom

21
Q

define ionic bonding

A

the attractions of positive and negative ions fr each in a lattice.

22
Q

What metals are in Group I, II, III

A

Alkali metals
Halogens
Noble gases

23
Q

What is DNA, and where is it found in the body?

A

DNA is the abbreviation of Deoxyribonucleic Acid and can be found inside the nucleus.

24
Q

What is a Genotype?

A

Describes the alleles each cell has for a certain feature.

25
Q

What is a Phenoype?

A

is the feature that is the result of the genotype

26
Q

What is the Homozygous

A

same alleles of the same gene

27
Q

What is a Heterozygous?

A

two different alleles of the same gene

28
Q

What is a star?

A

An astronomical object consisting a sphere of matter giving off heat and light, held together by it;s owen gravity.

29
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

Is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

30
Q

What is the Mass number?

A

The number of protons and neutrons in the neucleus of an atom.

31
Q

What is an allele?

A

Alleles are a different version of the gene.

32
Q

Difference between a dominant and recessive allele?

A

A dominant allele is a trait that always shows up in an organism when that allele is present while a recessive allele is and allele that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present.

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