Science Exam 1

Question 1

Absorb

Answer 1

opaque object absorbs light; light is converted to heat energy when it is “soaked up” by the object.

Question 2

Amplitude

Answer 2

displacement of the medium from its normal position. Larger amplitude = higher energy.

Question 3

Combination Waves

Answer 3

Surface waves occur at the surface between two mediums and are a combination of longitudinal and transverse waves.

Question 4

Compression

Answer 4

When wave particles in a longitudinal wave get closer together they are compressed.

Question 5

Crest

Answer 5

The highest part of a wave.

Question 6

Diffuse Light Source

Answer 6

Scattered from all directions so it seems to wrap around objects. It is softer and does not cast harsh shadows.

Question 7

Diffusion

Answer 7

When a wave spreads out as it passes through a small opening or bends around an object.

Question 8

Eclipse

Answer 8

When either the sun or moon pass in front of each other it blocks the light and casts a shadow.

Question 9

Empirical Evidence

Answer 9

Observations made with your senses (sight, smell, touch, taste, hearing).

Question 10

Energy

Answer 10

The ability to do work. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted to another form.

Question 11

Engineer

Answer 11

A person who designs and builds things to solve a problem.

Question 12

Engineering Process

Answer 12

1) Define problem 2) Research 3) Develop solution 4) Design solution 5) Build prototype 6) Test 7) Repeat

Question 13

Frequency

Answer 13

How many waves per time interval, measured in number of waves per second. Example: 60hz for house hold electricity.

Question 14

Gravitational Potential Energy

Answer 14

The energy that an object has by virtue of its position above the ground.

Question 15

Hertz

Answer 15

Unit of measurement for frequency. Example 60 hertz (hz)

Question 16

Hypothesis

Answer 16

An idea or explanation that you can test.

Question 17

Light

Answer 17

The natural agent that stimulates sight and that travels in transverse waves at the speed of light.

Question 18

Longitudinal Wave

Answer 18

A wave vibrating in the direction of motion; a compressional wave. Example: sound waves.

Question 19

Medium

Answer 19

The material through which a wave travels. A mechanical wave requires a medium, light does not.

Question 20

Opaque

Answer 20

Doesn’t let light through and will absorb all light. Something that appears to be dark when you look through it.

Question 21

Joule

Answer 21

A joule (J) is the unit of energy.

Question 22

Kinetic Energy

Answer 22

Energy that an object has because it is in motion.

Question 23

Penumbra

Answer 23

The fuzzy partial shadow.

Question 24

Photon

Answer 24

A particle of quantum of light.

Question 25

Point Light Source

Answer 25

A source of light that seems to come from a point, like a star. It casts harsh shadows.

Question 26

Potential Energy

Answer 26

Energy that an object has due to its position.

Question 27

Rarefaction

Answer 27

When a longitudinal wave spreads out.

Question 28

Rayleigh Wave

Answer 28

A wave that forms from wind. An ocean surface wave.

Question 29

Reflect

Answer 29

When light bounces off an object; angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection.

Question 30

Refraction

Answer 30

When a wave enters a new medium, slows down, and is bent. Causes shorter wavelength in prism for white light.

Question 31

Seismic Waves

Answer 31

S-waves (transverse), P-Waves (longitudinal), and Surface Waves (combination).

Question 32

Scientific Method

Answer 32

1) Make observation 2) Ask question 3) Create hypothesis 4) Make prediction 5) Test prediction 6) Analyze results 7) Peer review

Question 33

Shadow

Answer 33

When an opaque object blocks a light source a dark area is cast.

Question 34

Shiny

Answer 34

Light reflects off this kind of object.

Question 35

Sound Wave

Answer 35

A mechanical wave. A compressional/longitudinal wave.

Question 36

Speed of Light

Answer 36

Fastest speed in the universe.

Question 37

Surface Wave

Answer 37

Combination of transfers waves and longitudinal waves.

Question 38

Translucent

Answer 38

Some light can pass through, but not all light.

Question 39

Transmit

Answer 39

When light passes through. A transparent object will do this to light.

Question 40

Transparent

Answer 40

A material that allows light to pass through. Example: glass.

Question 41

Transverse Wave

Answer 41

Move at right angles to the direction of motion.

Question 42

Trough

Answer 42

Lowest part of a wave.

Question 43

Umbra

Answer 43

The central darker part of a shadow.

Question 44

Vacuum

Answer 44

Space devoid of matter.

Question 45

Waves

Answer 45

Classified by how they travel as either transverse, longitudinal, or combination.

Question 46

Wavelength

Answer 46

Distance between two identical points in a wave.