Science Energy & Electricity test Flashcards
anmeter
a device used to measure electrical charge
amps, ampere
unit of current e.g the current in the bulb is 4 amps or amperes (A)
cell
a store of internal energy that can be transferred as an electric current in a circuit
conductor
a material which allows charge to move easily through it
electron
sub atomic particle which flows in a circuit carrying a negative charge
series circuit
a circuit connected in a way that the same current flows through each component in turn
parallel circuit
in a parallel circuit, the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit
insulator
a material that does not allow charge or heat to pass through it easily
ohms
the unit of electrical resistance
resistance
the opposition in an electrical component to the movement of electrical charge through it. resistance is measured in ohms
potential difference
the potential difference (or voltage) of a supply is a measure of the energy given to the charge carries in a circuit
volt
unit of voltage e.g the voltage across the lamp was 6 volts (V)
voltmeter
a device used to measure potential difference or voltage
energy transfer
changes from one form of energy to another form of energy
conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed it can be stored, dissipated or transferred from one form into another
internal energy
energy stored in all materials including energy due to the motion of particles and the forces between them
kinetic energy
the energy in moving objects
elastic potential energy
when an object is stretched or squashed
gravitational potential energy
when an object is raised to a height
thermal energy
the heat stored in a object
work done
work is done when a force makes an object move a distance, energy is transferred
power
the rate of work done or the energy transferred per second
fossil fuel
natural, finite fuel formed from the remains of living organisms, e.g oil, coal, and natural gas
non-renewable
a resource that cannot be replaced when it is used up, such as natural gas or cold
renewable
an energy source that will not run out, e.g solar energy and wind energy
chemical energy
when a substance undergoes a chemical reaction
magnetic energy
when 2 objects attract or repel
