Science- Ecosystem Processes Flashcards
What do food chains show?
The transfer of energy between organisms.
What do food webs illustrate?
How lots of food chains are connected in an ecosystem.
List the minerals plants need for growth.
- Nitrates for growth
- Phosphates for healthy roots
- Potassium for healthy leaves and flowers
- Magnesium for making chlorophyll
What happens if a plant does not have enough of a mineral?
It may suffer from a mineral deficiency.
How can farmers address mineral deficiencies in soil?
By using fertilizers to add missing minerals.
What adaptations do leaves have for photosynthesis?
- Lots of green chlorophyll
- Thin structure for gas diffusion
- Large surface area for light absorption
- Veins for transporting water and glucose
Where does respiration occur in cells?
In the mitochondria.
What is absorbed from the small intestine for respiration?
Glucose.
How is oxygen transported to cells?
It is carried by haemoglobin after diffusing into the bloodstream.
What happens to carbon dioxide produced in cells?
It diffuses out into the blood plasma and is transported to the lungs.
What occurs during strenuous exercise regarding respiration?
Anaerobic respiration may occur when there is not enough oxygen.
What is produced during anaerobic respiration that can cause muscle cramps?
Lactic acid.
What is oxygen debt?
The oxygen needed to break down lactic acid after anaerobic respiration.
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?
Glucose ➞ ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ energy).
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen.
Define prey in an ecological context.
An organism eaten by another organism.
Define predator in an ecological context.
An organism that eats another organism.
What is bioaccumulation?
The build-up of chemicals, like insecticides, passed along a food chain.
What is a population in ecology?
The number of organisms that live in the same area.
What does interdependence mean in an ecosystem?
Living organisms depend on each other to survive, grow, and reproduce.
Define ecosystem.
All the organisms found in a particular location, and the area they live in.
What is a community in ecological terms?
The organisms in an ecosystem.
Define habitat.
The area a community lives in.
What is a niche?
The particular place or role that an organism has within an ecosystem.
