science digestive system and cells Flashcards
What are tissues?
specialized cells grouped together to form a specific structure for a specific function
How many different types of tissues are there?
4
What are the different types of tissues?
Connective, epithelial, muscle and nervous
What are organs?
a group of tissues that work together to do a particular job, perform a specific function or group of functions
An example of an organ and what does it do
Lungs help you breath, brain helps you think etc.
What is a system?
a group of organs that work together for a specific function.
What happens if a system doesn’t work?
The body stops functioning.
How many types of systems are there?
11
What are the different types of systems?
Reproductive, urinary, nervous, skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, hormonal, immune and integumentary.
types of digestion
Mechanical and Chemical
What types of organs are in the reproductive system?
Sex organs
What does the excretory system consist of and do
Produces urine and eliminates waste through kidneys, bladder, urethra and ureter
how many bones are in the skeletal system
206
what is in the respiratory system
lungs heart mouth larynx/pharynx
What does the respiratory system do
takes in oxygen
what is another word for the hormonal system
endocrine system
What does the muscular system do
the system of all of your muscles
What does the integumentary system consist of
Your skin
what does the immune system do
body defense
the role of the cardiovascular system
blood circulation, with the heart, blood, veins and arteries
nervous system organs
brain, spinal cord and nerves
Definition of digestion
The process of changing large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules that the body is able to use.
Four steps of digestinon
ingestion, digestion, absorption and egestion
What is the name of eating
ingestion
Absorption
taking in the small soluble molecules into the bloodstream
The first part of digestion
Mouth
digestion in the mouth
teeth, salivary glands, tongue. chewing, and breaking down food. releasing enzymes for digestion. moves food to pharynx.
what does the esophagus do
joins mouth to stomach, a rubbery squeezy tube
what does the stomach do
muscles contract with a protective lining. chemical and mechanical (moving)
what is the small intestine for
long (absorbs nutrient to the bloodstream), villus makes large surface from outside strong. goes into blood vessels (tiny ones = capilery)
the large intestine
absorbs water and eliminates it
rectum
pooping
Egestion
removal of unwanted foods
The first organ for the process of digestion
Mouth
What does the small intestine do
absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream through villi
what does the large intestine do
absorption of water
What is cell division
Process to replace dead/damaged cells. The production of new cells for growth and repair.
Steps for joining cells
cells (same) - tissues (different) - organs (different) - organ system (different) - organism
Types of cells
red and white blood cells, sperm cells, skin cells
Types of animal cells
root hair cells and guard cells
Similar cell parts in animal and plant cells
both have nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane
something plant cells have but animal cells dont
e.g vacuole or chloroplasts
What does the nucleus do
controls cell activity
what does the cytoplasm to
watery component where reactions happen
what does the cell membrane do
controls movement of substances in and out of cell
cell wall
for shape and support
vacuole
holds cell sap
which cell part is for photosynthesis
chloroplasts
magnification sum
eye piece x objective lens
what is a cell
the basic unit of living
unicellular vs multicellular
uni is single-celled organisms (bacteria) multi is lots of different types of cells (plants or animals)
Types of cells
sperm cells - reproduction
Egg cell - reproduction
red blood cell - carries oxygen
white blood cell - fights infection
skin cell - protects body
fat cell - insulation
PLANTS
root hair cell - absorb water
guard cell - transfer of gases with surroundings
why are cells shaped differently?
because cells do different things
how does a cell change in appearance when no water
cell membranes would lack structure
what happens when enzymes are in Landry detergent?
provides higher degree of stain removal and whitens clothes
what happens when enzymes are in temperatures
high temperature cause it to lose shape + stop working. low temperature’s lead to slower chemical reactions.
how does bacteria spread on bread.
due to the temperature and moisture of the room, bacteria grows. can also be spread from bacteria on your hands.
