Science Day 3

Question 1

Inner Core

Answer 1

Dense ball of solid metal

Question 2

Outer Core

Answer 2

Layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core

Question 3

Mantle

Answer 3

Layer of solid, hot rock, 40 km beneath the surface

Question 4

Lithosphere

Answer 4

Uppermost part of the mantle

Question 5

Asthenosphere

Answer 5

Softer part of the mantle below the lithosphere and is hotter and under increased pressure

Question 6

Lower Mantle

Answer 6

Solid material extending all the way to the Earth’s core

Question 7

Crust

Answer 7

Layer of solid rock on the Earth that we live and walk on

Question 8

Radiation

Answer 8

The transfer of energy with no direct contact

Question 9

Conduction

Answer 9

The transfer of energy by direct contact

Question 10

Convection

Answer 10

The transfer of energy

Question 11

Continental Drift

Answer 11

A slow movement of Earth’s continents moving away from each other

Question 12

Seafloor Spreading

Answer 12

Seafloor is spread apart along both sides of a mid-ocean ridge

Question 13

Plate Tectonics

Answer 13

Explains the movement, formation, and subduction of Earth’s plates

Question 14

Transform boundaries

Answer 14

Place where 2 plates slip past each other while moving in opposite directions

Question 15

Divergent Boundaries

Answer 15

Where 2 plates pull apart

Question 16

Convergent Boundaries

Answer 16

Place where 2 plates come together

Question 17

Stress

Answer 17

Force that acts upon a rock to change its shape or volume

Question 18

Tension

Answer 18

Pulls on the crust, and stretching it so it becomes thinner in the middle

Question 19

Compression

Answer 19

Squeezes on a rock until it folds or breaks

Question 20

Shearing

Answer 20

Pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions

Question 21

Strain

Answer 21

A change in a rock

Question 22

Faults

Answer 22

Breaks in the Earth’s lithosphere

Question 23

Earthquakes

Answer 23

Vibrations in the ground

Question 24

Normal Fault

Answer 24

Form when forces pull rocks apart along a divergent boundary

Question 25

Strike-slip Fault

Answer 25

2 blocks of rock slide past each other in opposite directions

Question 26

Reverse Fault

Answer 26

A force pushes 2 blocks of rock together with the rock above the fault, moving up

Question 27

Seismic Waves

Answer 27

Waves that carry energy of an earthquake away from the focus, or where the earthquake began

Question 28

Volcanoes

Answer 28

A weak spot in the Earth’s crust where magma or lava comes to the surface

Question 29

Dormant Volcano

Answer 29

Not active, but can become active

Question 30

Extinct Volcano

Answer 30

Unlikely to erupt ever again

Question 31

Shield Volcano

Answer 31

A broad, domed volcano with gently sloping side

Question 32

Cinder Cone Volcano

Answer 32

A cone shaped volcano that spits out ash, cinders and bombs due to high viscosity

Question 33

Composite Volcano

Answer 33

Tall, cone shaped volcano that erupts with lava and ash

Question 34

Caldera

Answer 34

Huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain

Question 35

Geothermal Activity

Answer 35

When magma heats underground water

Question 36

Ecosystem

Answer 36

All the living organisms that live in an area and the non-living features of their enviornment

Question 37

Biotic Factors

Answer 37

Living Things

Question 38

Abiotic Factors

Answer 38

Non-living things

Question 39

Producers

Answer 39

Organisms that can make their own food

Question 40

Consumers

Answer 40

Organisms that rely on other organisms for food

Question 41

Decomposers

Answer 41

Return nutrients to the soil by consuming dead organisms and waste